Month: November 2022

Larock, Richard C. published the artcileSynthesis of Isocoumarins and α-Pyrones via Palladium-Catalyzed Annulation of Internal Alkynes, Synthetic Route of 165534-79-2, the publication is Journal of Organic Chemistry (1999), 64(24), 8770-8779, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A number of 3,4-disubstituted isocoumarins and polysubstituted α-pyrones have been prepared in good yields by treating halogen- or triflate-containing aromatic and α,β-unsaturated esters, resp., with internal alkynes in the presence of a palladium catalyst. Synthetically, the methodol. provides an especially simple and convenient, regioselective route to isocoumarins and α-pyrones containing aryl, silyl, ester, tert-alkyl, and other hindered groups. The reaction is believed to proceed through a seven-membered palladacyclic complex in which the regiochem. of the reaction is controlled by steric factors.

Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about 165534-79-2. 165534-79-2 belongs to iodides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Iodide,Benzene,Ester, name is Dimethyl 2-iodoterephthalate, and the molecular formula is C10H9IO4, Synthetic Route of 165534-79-2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iodide,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Kramer, Claus Ruediger published the artcileKinetics of reaction of formation of 2-amino-5-aryl-1,3,4-oxadiazoles from m- and p-substituted benzhydrazides and cyanogen bromide, Related Products of iodides-buliding-blocks, the publication is Zeitschrift fuer Chemie (1977), 17(12), 451-2, database is CAplus.

Kinetic data for the reaction of RC₆H₄CONHNH₂ (R = H, m– or p-Me, -NH₂, -NO₂, -OH, -OMe, -Cl, -Br, -I) with BrCN to form I indicated a dipolar addition mechanism with a cyclic transition state. A Hammett correlation yielded ρ = -0.215.

Zeitschrift fuer Chemie published new progress about 39115-95-2. 39115-95-2 belongs to iodides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Iodide,Hydrazine,Amine,Benzene,Hydrazide,Amide, name is 4-Iodobenzohydrazide, and the molecular formula is C7H7IN2O, Related Products of iodides-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iodide,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Li, Renhe published the artcileRedox-Neutral Vicinal Difunctionalization of Five-Membered Heteroarenes with Dual Electrophiles, Synthetic Route of 165534-79-2, the publication is Angewandte Chemie, International Edition (2021), 60(50), 26184-26191, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A new reaction mode of palladium/norbornene (Pd/NBE) cooperative catalysis is reported involving the selective coupling of two different carbon-based electrophiles for vicinal double C-H functionalization of five-membered heteroarenes in a site-selective and redox-neutral manner. The key is to use alkynyl bromides as the second electrophile, which allows vicinal difunctionalization of a wide range of heteroarenes including pyrroles, thiophenes and furans at their C4 and C5 positions [e.g., 2-chloro-1-methylpyrrole + Me 2-iodobenzoate + Br-CC-TIPS â†?I (78%)]. One- or two-step tetrafunctionalizations of simple pyrrole and thiophene have also been realized. The C2-substituted NBEs prove most effective in these reactions, and the mechanistic exploration discloses the origin of the high selectivity of this transformation. Synthetic utility of this method has been exemplified in the concise preparations of thiophene-containing organic materials and a protein kinase inhibitor analog. Preliminary success has also been achieved in a direct annulation event, using a tethered ketone as the second electrophile.

Angewandte Chemie, International Edition published new progress about 165534-79-2. 165534-79-2 belongs to iodides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Iodide,Benzene,Ester, name is Dimethyl 2-iodoterephthalate, and the molecular formula is C10H9IO4, Synthetic Route of 165534-79-2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iodide,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Bahr, G. published the artcileHeavy metal complexes of Schiff bases. IV. Heavy metal complexes with pyridine-2-aldehyde alkylimines, Related Products of iodides-buliding-blocks, the publication is Zeitschrift fuer Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie (1957), 119-38, database is CAplus.

cf. C.A. 50, 6996c. The Schiff bases C₅H₄NCH:NR (R = CH₃ to C₇H₁₅) (I) are prepared in 90% yield by reaction of 2-C₅H₄NCHO with the appropriate amine. The Me compound is crystalline, but the rest are colorless oils, more stable to hydrolysis than the analogous arylimines. I with Fe(ClO₄)₂ in MeOH gives dark violet Fe(I)₃(ClO₄)₂, decompose 233-4°, 235-6°, and 234-5° for the Me, Et, and Pr compounds, resp. In Me₂CO or MeOH these form MnO₄^–-colored solutions which in 10^-3 to 10^-4M solution obey the Beer-Lambert Law. Absorption spectra (4280-7290 A.) of the Fe complexes in MeOH show that the Me compound, whose sensitivity in neutral aqueous solution is 1:2 × 10⁷, has a maximum at 5510 A. In acid solution the color develops slowly but is stable. In alk. solution the color develops at once, but Fe₂O₃.xH₂O precipitates in a few hrs. from solutions 1N in NaOH. Photometric data show that I (R = Et) displaces 2,2′-bipyridine from Fe(II) complexes of the latter; the reaction is reversible. Fe(I)₃⁺⁺ (R = Et) is reversibly oxidized to Fe(I)₃⁺⁺⁺ (blue) by Ce(IV). I with CuCl₂.2H₂O in Me₂CO gives green CuCl₂.I, decomposing 242-3° and 227-8° (R = Me and Et, resp.), or m. 196°, 208-9°, 205-6°, 206-7°, and 207-8° for the C₃H₇ to C₇H₁₅ compounds, resp. With NaOH the Cu complexes give blue precipitates, soluble in excess NaOH to form blue-violet solutions which soon become brown and turbid from Cu₂O precipitation The blue-violet solutions are restored by shaking the mixture in air. I with HgCl₂ in Me₂CO gives colorless HgCl₂.I, insoluble in H₂O, decomposing 125° (Me, Et, or Pr compounds) or m. 121-2°, 124°, 138°, and 136-7° for C₄H₉ to C₇H₁₅ compounds, resp. I with HgBr₂ in Et₂O gives colorless HgBr₂.I, insoluble in H₂O, decomposing 130° (Me, Et, or Pr compounds) or m. 123°, 95°, 94°, and 92° for the C₄H₉ to C₇H₁₅ compounds, resp. I with Hg(ClO₄)₂ in MeOH gives colorless, H₂O-soluble Hg(I)₂(ClO₄)₂, m, 239-40°, 226-7°, and 136° for the Me, Et, and Pr complexes. With I^– the ClO₄^– compounds give Hg(I)₂I₂, also obtained by adding HgI₂ to the liquid Schiff bases and diluting with H₂O. The Hg complexes are destroyed by H₂S, SnCl₂, dilute acid, NH₃, or alk. solution I with anhydrous ZnCl₂ in Et₂O gives colorless ZnCl₂.I, m. 189°, 184°, 208°, 131°, 113°, 100°, and 112° for the CH₃ to C₇H₁₅ compounds, resp. NH₃ or AgNO₃, but not K₄Fe(CN)₆, decompose the Zn complexes.

Zeitschrift fuer Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie published new progress about 6443-90-9. 6443-90-9 belongs to iodides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Pyridines, name is Pyridine Iodochloride complex, and the molecular formula is C5H5ClIN, Related Products of iodides-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iodide,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Dohrn, M. published the artcile[Haloderivatives of] pyridine[carboxylic acids], Recommanded Product: 2-(3,5-Diiodo-4-oxopyridin-1(4H)-yl)acetic acid, the publication is Justus Liebigs Annalen der Chemie (1932), 284-302, database is CAplus.

3,5-Diiodochelidamic acid (I) [chloride, m. 149°; Me, m. 173°, Et (II), m. 169°, and benzyl, m. 200° (decomposition), esters] and Me₂SO₄ in aqueous KOH at 35° give 3,5-diiodo-N-methylchelidamic acid (III), m. 174° (decomposition) (Me ester, m. 194-5% while the Ag salt of II and Mel in xylene afford the Et ester, m. 100-1°, of 3,5-diiodo O-methylchelidamic (3,5-diiodo-4-methoxypyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic) acid, decomposes 176°. 3,5-Diiodo-4-ethoxy-, m. 174° (decomposition) (Me ester, m. 131°), -propoxy-, m. 156° (decomposition) (Me ester, m. 89°), -butoxy-, m. 145° (decomposition) (Me ester, m. 82°), and benzyloxy-, m. 167° (decomposition) (Me ester, m. 120°), -pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acids are prepared similarly. III heated at 170° gives 3,5-diiodo-N-methyl-4-pyridone, M. 214-5°, also prepared from 3,5-diiodo-4-pyridone (IV), m. 321° (decomposition), and Me₂SO₄ in aqueous KOH; IV is obtained from 4-pyridone and ICl in dilute HCl and by hydrolysis of its N-Ac derivative, m. 245° (decomposition) [from I and boiling AC₂O]. I and IV with ClSO₃H give the corresponding N-sulfo derivatives, m. 210° (decomposition) and 183° (decomposition), resp., hydrolyzed by H₂O to H₂SO₄ and I and IV. 3,5-Diiodo-4-pyridone-N-acetic acid, m. 240° (decomposition), is prepared from IV and CH₂ClCO₂H. 4-Pyridone-2-carboxylic acid (V) and I in aqueous KOH give the 3,5-di-I derivative, decomposes 250° [N-Me, m. 159° (decomposition), and NCH₂CO₂H, m. 223° (decomposition), derivatives]; 2-pyridone-6-carboxylic acid similarly affords the 3,5-di-I derivative, decomposes 272° [N-Me derivative, m. 194° (decomposition)], also formed by iodination of 2-pyridone-5,6-dicarboxylic acid. 3,5-Dichloro-, m. above 300° (N-Me derivative, m. 166°), and 3,5-dibromo-, m. above 300° [N-Me derivative, m. 170° (decomposition)], -4-pyridone-2-carboxylic acids are obtained by halogenation of V. Et 3,5-dichlorochelidamate, m. 96°, and PCl5, give the Et ester, m. 35°, of 3,4,5-trichloropyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid, decomposes 150°. 4-Chloro-, m. 232° (decomposition) (Et ester, m. 111°), and 4-bromo-, m. 186° (decomposition) (Et ester, m. 98-9°), -3,5-diiodopyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acids are prepared from II and PCl5 + POCl₃ and PBr₅, resp. The Et ester of 3,4,5-tri-bromopyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid (m. 180° (decomposition)) m. 67°. 3,4,5-Trichloropyridine, m. 76-7°, from 3,5-dichloro-4-pyridone, PCl₅, and POCl₃, at 125°, with EtOH-KHS gives 3,5-dichloro-4-thiolpyridine, m. 188°, oxidized by alk. KMnO₄ to 3,5-dichloro-pyridine-4-sulfonic acid, m. above 300°. 4-Chloro-3,5-dibromo-, m. 98°, and 4-chloro 3,5-diiodo-, m. 175°, -pyridines are similarly converted by way of 3,5-dibromo-, m. 222°, and 3,5-diiodo-, m. 206° (decomposition), -4-thiolpyridines into 3,5-dibromo- (VI) and 3,5-diiodo- (VII), decompose 308°, -pyridine-4-sulfonic acids. 3,5-Dibromo- and 3,5-diiodopyridine-2-sulfonic acids, both decompose above 300°, are prepared similarly. VI and aqueous NH₃ (d. 0.91) at 130° give 3,5-dibromo-4-aminopyridine, m. 169-70°;3,5-dibromo-4-anilino-, m. 167°, and -4-o-carboxyanilino-, m. 252° (as Et ester, m. 105-6°), -pyridines are formed with PhNH₂ and o-NH₂C₆H₄.CO₂Et, resp. When an aqueous solution of VI is heated, 3,5,3′,5′-tetrabromo-N-4′-pyridyl-4-pyridone, m. above 300°, and SO₂ are formed. 3,5,3′,5′-Tetraiodo-N-4′ -pyridyl-4-pyridone, decomposes above 300°, is obtained similarly from VII.

Justus Liebigs Annalen der Chemie published new progress about 101-29-1. 101-29-1 belongs to iodides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Pyridine,Iodide,Carboxylic acid,Ketone, name is 2-(3,5-Diiodo-4-oxopyridin-1(4H)-yl)acetic acid, and the molecular formula is C7H5I2NO3, Recommanded Product: 2-(3,5-Diiodo-4-oxopyridin-1(4H)-yl)acetic acid.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iodide,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Grignon-Dubois, Micheline published the artcileConvenient synthesis of (trichloromethyl)dihydroquinolines and -isoquinolines, SDS of cas: 606-55-3, the publication is Synthesis (1994), 800-4, database is CAplus.

The reaction of a series of N-alkylquinolinium and N-alkylisoquinolinium iodides towards sodium trichloroacetate in acetonitrile has been investigated under reflux or ultrasonication. In all cases, addition of trichloromethyl anion was observed, and trichloromethyldihydroquinoline or -isoquinoline derivatives were obtained in good yields. Depending on the activation process, addition occurred at the 2- or the 4-position with quinolines and at the 1-position with isoquinolines.

Synthesis published new progress about 606-55-3. 606-55-3 belongs to iodides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Quinoline,Salt, name is 1-Ethyl-2-methylquinolin-1-ium iodide, and the molecular formula is C12H14IN, SDS of cas: 606-55-3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iodide,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Bojarska-Dahlig, H. N. published the artcileDerivatives of pyridine N-oxide. XV. Synthesis and reactivity of N-[4-oxo-1(H)-pyridyl]oxyacetic acid, Category: iodides-buliding-blocks, the publication is Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas et de la Belgique (1958), 331-9, database is CAplus.

cf. C.A. 51, 15516a. 4-Hydroxypyridine N-oxide (I) in alk. medium with ClCH₂CO₂H yielded almost 60% title compound (II), decomposed with CH₂N₂ to give 4-MeOC₆H₄N, CO₂, and HCHO. I (3.33 g.) in 20 ml. H₂O containing 3.12 g. NaOH kept 5 hrs. at 90-5° with 4.23 g. ClCH₂CO₂H, the mixture adjusted to pH 3 with acid, kept overnight at 0°, and crystallized (H₂O) yielded 57% II, C₇H₇NO₄, m. 164-5°. II (0.4 g.) in 90% alc. hydrogenated with Pd-C (4 mg. PdCl₂ reduced in 25 ml. 96% alc. in the presence of 36 mg. C) and the filtered solution evaporated gave 4-oxo-1 (H)-pyridone (III); nitrate, m. 194-5° (decomposition). II (0.845 g.) heated 5 hrs. with 2 g. Ba(OH)₂ in 10 ml. H₂O, the mixture treated with dilute H₂SO₄, the filtered solution (A) concentrated, and the residue treated with fuming HNO₃ at 0° yielded 63% III nitrate. A acidified with AcOH and treated with concentrated aqueous CaCl₂ gave (OHCCO₂)₂Ca. II (0.1 g.) boiled 2 min. with 3 ml. 2N NaOH and the solution (1 ml.) acidified with dilute H₂SO₄ and treated with 1 drop 0.1% aqueous indole and 1 ml. H₂SO₄ gave a red color. The solution (1 ml.) acidified with AcOH and treated with a few drops of egg white and 1 ml. H₂SO₄ gave a pos. Adamkiewicz reaction for OHCCO₂H (IV). (CO₂H)₂, produced by partial conversion of IV, was detected in the rest of the liquid. II (0.845 g.) and 0.84 g. CH₂N₂ in 240 ml. Et₂O kept 20 hrs. at room temperature, the Et₂O evaporated, the residue treated with 10 ml. alc. picric acid, and the product recrystallized (alc.) yielded 52% 4-MeOC₅H₄N.C₆H₃N₃O₇, m. 173-4°. The presence of CO₂ and HCHO was demonstrated but no trace of IV was found. I. (1.65 g.) in 50 ml. H₂O containing 2.4 g. Na₂CO₃ at 95-100° treated dropwise with vigorous stirring with 7.8 g. iodine in 24 ml. H₂O containing 7.8 g. KI, the mixture kept 1 hr. at 95-100°, the free iodine removed with KHSO₃, the solution adjusted to pH 2 with concentrated HCl, the mixture kept 10 hrs., filtered, the crude product (3.52 g.) boiled with 4% aqueous HCl, and the residue washed with H₂O gave 3,5-diiodo-4-hydroxypyridine N-oxide (V), m. 340-3° (decomposition), also obtained in 13% yield by stirring 1.65 g. I and 3.2 g. NaOH in 50 ml. H₂O at 95-100° with addition of 7.62 g. iodine in 40 min., heating the mixture 1 hr. at 95-100°, repeatedly precipitating with concentrated HCl, and dissolving the precipitate in concentrated NaOH, or by treating 1 g. I in 5 ml. 20% HCl 2 hrs. at 95-100° with HgICl in 8 ml. 20% HCl, diluting the mixture with 80 ml. H₂O, heating 2 hrs. at 95-100°, treating with NaHSO₃, and filtering. V (3.63 g.) in 25 ml. H₂O containing 1.44 g. NaOH heated 5 hrs. at 90-5° at pH 8 with 1.88 g. ClCH₂CO₂H, the mixture adjusted to pH 2 with concentrated HCl, kept 12 hrs. at room temperature, filtered, the precipitate (3.85 g.) boiled with 100 ml. H₂O, filtered from 0.94 g. V, the filtrate evaporated, and the residue (2.88 g.) recrystallized (H₂O) gave authentic N-(3,5-diiodo-4-oxo-1(H)-pyridyl)acetic acid (VI), m. 250.5-1.5°, methylated with CH₂N₂ in Et₂O to VI Me ester (VII), m. 198-8.5° (50% MeOH), not yielding a picrate with picric acid in alc. V (1 g.) heated 5.5 hrs. on a steam bath in 15 ml. 10% NaOH and the cooled solution acidified below pH 2 with concentrated HCl gave 87% unchanged V. The ultraviolet absorptions of 10^-4M solutions in 50% alc. were determined and tabulated [compound, and λ_maximum and λ_min. in mμ (log ε) given]: II, 268, 222 (4.1, 2.85); 4-benzyloxypyridine N-oxide (cf. Shaw, C.A. 43, 2997e), 269, 231 (4.3, 3.05); N-benzyloxy-4-oxo-1(H)pyridine, 268, 230 (4.3, 2.8); VI, 238 and 285, 257 (4.1 and 3.95, 3.65); VII, 238 and 285, 257 (4.0 and 3.95, 3.65); N-(4-oxo-1 (H)-pyridyl)acetic acid, 202 and 261, 221 (4.1 and 4.2, 3.1); Et N-(4-oxo-1 (H)-pyridyl)acetate, 204 and 260, 221 (4.1 and 4.25, 2.8).

Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas et de la Belgique published new progress about 101-29-1. 101-29-1 belongs to iodides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Pyridine,Iodide,Carboxylic acid,Ketone, name is 2-(3,5-Diiodo-4-oxopyridin-1(4H)-yl)acetic acid, and the molecular formula is C7H5I2NO3, Category: iodides-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iodide,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Campbell, James B. published the artcileAddition of Transiently-Generated Methyl o-Lithiobenzoate to Imines. An Isoindolone Annulation, Formula: C10H9IO4, the publication is Journal of Organic Chemistry (1996), 61(18), 6205-6211, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Addition of phenyllithium to a mixture of an imine, Me o-iodobenzoate, and BF₃·etherate at -105 °C gave good to excellent yields of isoindolones. A transient formation of Me o-lithiobenzoate was proposed, which is formed by a rapid lithium/iodide exchange reaction of the phenyllithium with Me o-iodobenzoate in the presence of an imine. For example, lithiation of N-methylbenzamide gave the lithiate I which upon treatment with imines gave 2-ethyl-2,3-dihydro-3-phenyl-1H-isoindol-1-ones II (R¹ = alkyl, phenyl; R² = Ph, propyl). The transiently generated anions were captured by the BF₃-activated imines to form the isoindolones in good to high yield. The reactions conditions are sufficiently mild, and selective, to permit functional groups such carbmethoxy and aryl bromide, which could otherwise react with the added PhLi, to be tolerated.

Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about 165534-79-2. 165534-79-2 belongs to iodides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Iodide,Benzene,Ester, name is Dimethyl 2-iodoterephthalate, and the molecular formula is C10H9IO4, Formula: C10H9IO4.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iodide,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Valero, Julian published the artcileA tetraguanidinium macrocycle for the recognition and cavity expansion of calix[4]arene tetraoxoanions, Synthetic Route of 606-55-3, the publication is Supramolecular Chemistry (2013), 25(9-11), 728-740, database is CAplus.

Mol. containers have raised an increased interest over the last decade. These supramol. architectures have found applications in catalysis, mol. sensing or as insulators for key intermediates, among others. In this study, we describe the synthesis and binding properties of a tetraguanidinium macrocycle which forms robust complexes with diverse calix[4]arene tetraoxoanions through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions. The binding behavior and affinity strength of these constructs have been measured by NMR and isothermal titration calorimetry. Besides, VT NMR experiments show that this novel cyclic tetracation is able to stabilize the cone conformation of these calix[4]arenes. Preliminary NMR-binding experiments between a tetraguanidinium calix[4]arenate and quinolinium or isoquinolinium salts suggest an effective increase in the cavity volume of these supramol. constructs.

Supramolecular Chemistry published new progress about 606-55-3. 606-55-3 belongs to iodides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Quinoline,Salt, name is 1-Ethyl-2-methylquinolin-1-ium iodide, and the molecular formula is C7H8BFO2, Synthetic Route of 606-55-3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iodide,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Gourdain, Stephanie published the artcileDevelopment of DANDYs, New 3,5-Diaryl-7-azaindoles Demonstrating Potent DYRK1A Kinase Inhibitory Activity, Formula: C13H8BrIN2O2S, the publication is Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (2013), 56(23), 9569-9585, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A series of 3,5-diaryl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridines was synthesized and evaluated for inhibition of DYRK1A kinase in vitro. Derivatives having hydroxy groups on the aryl moieties demonstrated high inhibitory potencies with K_is in the low nanomolar range. Their methoxy analogs were up to 100 times less active. Docking studies at the ATP binding site suggested that these compounds bind tightly to this site via a network of multiple H-bonds with the peptide backbone. None of the active compounds was cytotoxic to KB cells at 10^-6 M. Kinase profiling revealed that compound I showed 2-fold selectivity for DYRK1A with respect to DYRK2 and DYRK3.

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about 757978-19-1. 757978-19-1 belongs to iodides-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Other Aromatic Heterocyclic,Bromide,Iodide,Sulfamide,Benzene, name is 5-Bromo-3-iodo-1-(phenylsulfonyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine, and the molecular formula is C13H8BrIN2O2S, Formula: C13H8BrIN2O2S.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iodide,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com