Month: January 2023

Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel, substituted 5,6-dihydrodibenzo[a,g]quinolizinium P2X₇ antagonists was written by Lee, Ga Eun;Lee, Ho-Sung;Lee, So Deok;Kim, Jung-Ho;Kim, Won-Ki;Kim, Yong-Chul. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2009.Reference of 10297-05-9 This article mentions the following:

Iminium quaternary protoberberine alkaloids (QPA) have been found to be novel P2X₇ antagonists. To assess their structure-activity relationships, these compounds were modified at their R¹ and R² groups and assayed for their ability to inhibit the 2′(3′)-O-(4-benzoylbenzoyl)-ATP (BzATP)-induced uptake of fluorescent ethidium by HEK-293 cells stably expressing the human P2X₇ receptor, and their ability to inhibit BzATP-induced IL-1β release by differentiated THP-1 cells. Compounds I (R¹ = Et) and I (R¹ = allyl), and especially compound II (R¹ = Et, R² = 2-nitro-4,5-dimethoxybenzyl) had potent inhibitory efficacy as P2X₇ antagonists. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Chloro-4-iodobutane (cas: 10297-05-9Reference of 10297-05-9).

1-Chloro-4-iodobutane (cas: 10297-05-9) belongs to iodide derivatives. Iodide-containing intermediates are common in organic synthesis, because of the easy formation and cleavage of the C–I bond. Polyiodoorganic compounds are sometimes employed as X-ray contrast agents, in fluoroscopy, a type of medical imaging. This application exploits the X-ray absorbing ability of the heavy iodine nucleus.Reference of 10297-05-9

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Expanding Benzoxazole-Based Inosine 5′-Monophosphate Dehydrogenase (IMPDH) Inhibitor Structure-Activity As Potential Antituberculosis Agents was written by Chacko, Shibin;Boshoff, Helena I. M.;Singh, Vinayak;Ferraris, Davide M.;Gollapalli, Deviprasad R.;Zhang, Minjia;Lawson, Ann P.;Pepi, Michael J.;Joachimiak, Andrzej;Rizzi, Menico;Mizrahi, Valerie;Cuny, Gregory D.;Hedstrom, Lizbeth. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2018.Quality Control of 1,2-Difluoro-3-iodobenzene This article mentions the following:

New drugs and mol. targets are urgently needed to address the emergence and spread of drug-resistant tuberculosis. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) IMP dehydrogenase 2 (MtbIMPDH2) is a promising yet controversial potential target. The inhibition of MtbIMPDH2 blocks the biosynthesis of guanine nucleotides, but high concentrations of guanine can potentially rescue the bacteria. Herein we describe an expansion of the structure-activity relationship (SAR) for the benzoxazole series of MtbIMPDH2 inhibitors and demonstrate that min. inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of ≤1 μM can be achieved. The antibacterial activity of the most promising compound, 17b (Q151), is derived from the inhibition of MtbIMPDH2 as demonstrated by conditional knockdown and resistant strains. Importantly, guanine does not change the MIC of 17b, alleviating the concern that guanine salvage can protect Mtb in vivo. These findings suggest that MtbIMPDH2 is a vulnerable target for tuberculosis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,2-Difluoro-3-iodobenzene (cas: 64248-57-3Quality Control of 1,2-Difluoro-3-iodobenzene).

1,2-Difluoro-3-iodobenzene (cas: 64248-57-3) belongs to iodide derivatives. In general, organic iodides are light-sensitive and turn yellow during storage, owing to the formation of iodine. A typical method for synthesis of aromatic iodides is diazotization of primary aromatic amines followed by treatment of potassium iodide. Aliphatic alcohols are converted to alkyl iodides by treating with hydrogen iodide.Quality Control of 1,2-Difluoro-3-iodobenzene

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Lythraceae alkaloids: total synthesis of (±)-lythrancepine II was written by Hart, David J.;Hong, Won Pyo. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 1985.Recommanded Product: 2314-37-6 This article mentions the following:

A stereoselective total synthesis of the quinolizidine metacyclophane Lythraceae alkaloid lythrancepine-II (I) is described. The quinolizidine nucleus was constructed using an N-acyliminium ion cyclization of amide II. The C(6) sidechain was then introduced and the macrocycle constructed by an intramol. biaryl coupling. The synthesis requires 17 steps and proceeds in approx. 1% overall yield. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Iodo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 2314-37-6Recommanded Product: 2314-37-6).

3-Iodo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 2314-37-6) belongs to iodide derivatives. In general, organic iodides are light-sensitive and turn yellow during storage, owing to the formation of iodine. Iodo alkanes participate in a variety of organic synthesis reactions, which include the Simmons–Smith reaction (cyclopropanation using iodomethane), Williamson ether synthesis, Wittig reaction, Grignard reaction, alkyl coupling reactions, and Wurtz reaction.Recommanded Product: 2314-37-6

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

N-Iodosuccinimide (NIS) in Direct Aromatic Iodination was written by Bergstroem, Maria;Suresh, Ganji;Naidu, Veluru Ramesh;Unelius, C. Rikard. And the article was included in European Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2017.Application of 5460-32-2 This article mentions the following:

N-Iodosuccinimide (NIS) in pure trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) offers a time-efficient and general method for the iodination of a wide range of mono- and disubstituted benzenes at room temperature, as demonstrated in this paper. The starting materials were generally converted into mono-iodinated products in less than 16 h at room temperature, without byproducts. A few deactivated substrates needed addition of sulfuric acid to increase the reaction rate. Another exception was methoxybenzenes that preferentially were iodinated by NIS in acetonitrile with only catalytic amounts of TFA. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Iodo-1,2-dimethoxybenzene (cas: 5460-32-2Application of 5460-32-2).

4-Iodo-1,2-dimethoxybenzene (cas: 5460-32-2) belongs to iodide derivatives. Typical reactions of alkyl iodides include nucleophilic substitution, elimination, reduction, and the formation of organometallics. In the chemical industry, alkyl iodides serve as excellent alkylating agents and, specifically, methyl iodide is used as a methylating agent in the synthesis of various pharmaceutical drugs.Application of 5460-32-2

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Pd-Catalyzed β-C(sp³)-H Arylation of Propionic Acid and Related Aliphatic Acids was written by Ghosh, Kiron K.;van Gemmeren, Manuel. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2017.Category: iodides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

A generally applicable Pd-catalyzed protocol for the β-C(sp³)-H arylation of propionic acid and related α-branched aliphatic acids is reported. Enabled by the use of N-acetyl-β-alanine as ligand our protocol delivers a broad range of arylation products. Notably, the highly challenging substrate, propionic acid, which lacks any acceleration through the Thorpe-Ingold effect, can be employed as substrate with synthetically useful yields. Furthermore, the scalability and synthetic applicability of the protocol are demonstrated. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Iodo-1,2-dimethoxybenzene (cas: 5460-32-2Category: iodides-buliding-blocks).

4-Iodo-1,2-dimethoxybenzene (cas: 5460-32-2) belongs to iodide derivatives. In general, organic iodides are light-sensitive and turn yellow during storage, owing to the formation of iodine. The C–I bond is the weakest of the carbon–halogen bonds. These bond strengths correlate with the electronegativity of the halogen, decreasing in the order F > Cl > Br > I. This periodic order also follows the atomic radius of halogens and the length of the carbon-halogen bond.Category: iodides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Total synthesis of (±)-lythrancepine II and (±)-lythrancepine III was written by Hart, David J.;Hong, Won Pyo;Hsu, Leh Yeh. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 1987.Recommanded Product: 2314-37-6 This article mentions the following:

Total syntheses of the Lythraceae alkaloids (±)-lythrancepine II (I, R = H) and (±)-lythrancepine III (I, R = Ac) are described. The syntheses feature a stereoselective N-acyliminium ion cyclization of II, a mechanistically interesting Eschenmoser sulfide contraction of III (X = S) to III (X = CHCO₂Et) and construction of a 13-membered ring by using the Semmelhack-Ullmann procedure. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Iodo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 2314-37-6Recommanded Product: 2314-37-6).

3-Iodo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 2314-37-6) belongs to iodide derivatives. Generally organic iodides can be divided into two classes of alkyl iodides and aryl iodides. Typical reactions of alkyl iodides include nucleophilic substitution, elimination, reduction, and the formation of organometallics. In the chemical industry, alkyl iodides serve as excellent alkylating agents and, specifically, methyl iodide is used as a methylating agent in the synthesis of various pharmaceutical drugs.Recommanded Product: 2314-37-6

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Design and synthesis of a series of truncated neplanocin fleximers was written by Zimmermann, Sarah C.;O’Neill, Elizaveta;Ebiloma, Godwin U.;Wallace, Lynsey J. M.;De Koning, Harry P.;Seley-Radtke, Katherine L.. And the article was included in Molecules in 2014.Application In Synthesis of 4,5-Diiodo-1H-imidazole This article mentions the following:

In an effort to study the effects of flexibility on enzyme recognition and activity, we have developed several different series of flexible nucleoside analogs, e.g. I (R = NH₂, Cl, OH) , in which the purine base is split into its resp. imidazole and pyrimidine components. The focus of this particular study was to synthesize the truncated neplanocin A fleximers to investigate their potential anti-protozoan activities by inhibition of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (SAHase). The three fleximers tested displayed poor anti-trypanocidal activities, with EC₅₀ values around 200 μM. Further studies of the corresponding ribose fleximers, most closely related to the natural nucleoside substrates, revealed low affinity for the known T. brucei nucleoside transporters P1 and P2, which may be the reason for the lack of trypanocidal activity observed In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4,5-Diiodo-1H-imidazole (cas: 15813-09-9Application In Synthesis of 4,5-Diiodo-1H-imidazole).

4,5-Diiodo-1H-imidazole (cas: 15813-09-9) belongs to iodide derivatives. Organic iodides can be alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl, and all of them are very reactive toward with many kinds of nucleophiles. Organoiodine lubricants can be used with titanium, stainless steels, and other metals which tend to seize up with conventional lubricants: organoiodine lubricants can be used in turbines and spacecraft, and as a cutting oil in machining.Application In Synthesis of 4,5-Diiodo-1H-imidazole

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Palladium-catalyzed Si-C bond-forming silylation of aryl iodides with hydrosilanes: an enhanced enantioselective synthesis of silicon-stereogenic silanes by desymmetrization was written by Chen, Li;Huang, Jiang-Bo;Xu, Zheng;Zheng, Zhan-Jiang;Yang, Ke-Fang;Cui, Yu-Ming;Cao, Jian;Xu, Li-Wen. And the article was included in RSC Advances in 2016.Related Products of 5460-32-2 This article mentions the following:

An enantioselective Pd-catalyzed Si-C bond-forming silylation reaction of aryl iodides with hydrosilanes for the synthesis of Si-stereogenic silanes was developed, in which a systematic optimization of a TADDOL-derived monodentate phosphoramidite ligand set resulted in the identification of a new TADDOL-derived phosphoramidite ligand that accesses chiral silanes with moderate to good yield and enantioselectivity under mild conditions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Iodo-1,2-dimethoxybenzene (cas: 5460-32-2Related Products of 5460-32-2).

4-Iodo-1,2-dimethoxybenzene (cas: 5460-32-2) belongs to iodide derivatives. Typical reactions of alkyl iodides include nucleophilic substitution, elimination, reduction, and the formation of organometallics. The C–I bond is the weakest of the carbon–halogen bonds. These bond strengths correlate with the electronegativity of the halogen, decreasing in the order F > Cl > Br > I. This periodic order also follows the atomic radius of halogens and the length of the carbon-halogen bond.Related Products of 5460-32-2

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

An Efficient and Simple Aqueous N-Heterocyclization of Aniline Derivatives: Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of N-Aryl Azacycloalkanes was written by Ju, Yuhong;Varma, Rajender S.. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2005.Electric Literature of C4H8ClI This article mentions the following:

An efficient and clean synthesis of N-aryl azacycloalkanes from alkyl dihalides and aniline derivatives has been achieved using microwave irradiation in an aqueous potassium carbonate medium. The phase separation can simplify the product isolation and reduce usage of volatile organic solvents. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Chloro-4-iodobutane (cas: 10297-05-9Electric Literature of C4H8ClI).

1-Chloro-4-iodobutane (cas: 10297-05-9) belongs to iodide derivatives. Typical reactions of alkyl iodides include nucleophilic substitution, elimination, reduction, and the formation of organometallics. The C–I bond is the weakest of the carbon–halogen bonds. These bond strengths correlate with the electronegativity of the halogen, decreasing in the order F > Cl > Br > I. This periodic order also follows the atomic radius of halogens and the length of the carbon-halogen bond.Electric Literature of C4H8ClI

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Oxone-mediated halocyclization/demethylation of 2-alkynylthioanisoles with sodium halides towards 3-halobenzo[b]thiophenes was written by Chen, Xinyu;Zhang, Zhebing;Sun, Tao;Cai, Haokun;Gao, Yuzhen;Cai, Tao;Shang, Tianbo;Luo, Yanjuan;Yu, Guoqi;Shen, Hualiang;Wu, Guofeng;Hei, Yanlin;Li, Enmin;Fan, Gang. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 2022.Related Products of 36748-88-6 This article mentions the following:

An efficient and practical protocol for the Oxone-mediated halocyclization/demethylation of 2-alkynylthioanisoles towards valuable 3-halobenzo[b]thiophenes is described. Structurally diverse 3-halobenzothiophenes were obtained in good to excellent yields under mild reaction conditions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Iodobenzo[b]thiophene (cas: 36748-88-6Related Products of 36748-88-6).

3-Iodobenzo[b]thiophene (cas: 36748-88-6) belongs to iodide derivatives. In general, organic iodides are light-sensitive and turn yellow during storage, owing to the formation of iodine. Iodo alkanes participate in a variety of organic synthesis reactions, which include the Simmons–Smith reaction (cyclopropanation using iodomethane), Williamson ether synthesis, Wittig reaction, Grignard reaction, alkyl coupling reactions, and Wurtz reaction.Related Products of 36748-88-6

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com