Category: 60827-45-4

In general, if the atoms that make up the ring contain heteroatoms, such rings become heterocycles, and organic compounds containing heterocycles are called heterocyclic compounds. An article called Solid state properties and effective resolution procedure for guaifenesin, 3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-1,2-propanediol, published in 2006-11-17, which mentions a compound: 60827-45-4, Name is (2S)-(+)-3-Chloropropane-1,2-diol, Molecular C3H7ClO2, Recommanded Product: 60827-45-4.

Racemic expectorant guaifenesin, 3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-1,2-propanediol (2) undergoes spontaneous resolution upon crystallization This fact is confirmed by thermal anal. (single eutectic V-shape binary melting phase diagram, adequate entropy and free energy characteristics). Racemic 2 could be effectively resolved into (S)- and (R)-2 by a preferential crystallization procedure. Single enantiomer drugs levomoprolol and levotensin were obtained by starting from enantiomeric 2 through the sulfite route.

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Reference:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Application of 60827-45-4. So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic. Compound: (2S)-(+)-3-Chloropropane-1,2-diol, is researched, Molecular C3H7ClO2, CAS is 60827-45-4, about Study on acute toxicity of R,S and (R,S)-3-chloro-1,2-propanediol.

The aim of the paper was to investigate the acute toxicity of R,S and (R,S)-3-chloro-1,2-propanediol (3-MCPD). Ten, seven and seven groups of sexually mature ICR mice were employed for testing the acute toxicity of R, S and (R,S)-3-MCPD, at the doses of 176.78 mg/kg, 198.43 mg/kg, 222.73 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg, 280.61 mg/kg, 314.98 mg/kg, 353.55 mg/kg, 396.84 mg/kg, 445.44 mg/kg, and 499.99 mg/kg for R-3-MCPD, 89.09 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, 112.25 mg/kg, 125.99 mg/kg, 141.42 mg/kg, 158.74 mg/kg and 178.18 mg/kg for S-3-MCPD, and 130.25 mg/kg, 150 mg/kg, 172.75 mg/kg, 198.95 mg/kg, 229.13 mg/kg, 263.88 mg/kg and 303.91 mg/kg for (R,S)-3-MCPD, resp. The mice were given three forms of 3-MCPD once by gavage and observed for 14 days, the LD50 was calculated by the modified Karber’s method, and organ/body weight ratios were measured and morphol. changes of liver and kidney were examined Results showed that the LD50 (95% CI) of R, S and (R,S)-3-MCPD was 290.54 mg/kg (280.74-300.68), 117.57 mg/kg (113.82-121.45) and 190.73 mg/kg (177.76-204.59), resp. The kidney/weight ratios in R-3-MCPD treated groups were higher than controls at the doses of 250-353.55 mg/kg (P < 0.05), and the brain weight ratios also had an significant increase in the 353.55 mg/kg, 445.44 mg/kg and above doses (P < 0.05). However, no significant changes on organ/body weight ratio of any organs in S-3-MCPD treated groups were observed The kidney/body weight ratio in (R,S)-3-MCPD treated groups increased significantly at the doses of 198.95-303.91 mg/kg (P < 0.05), and the brain weight ratios also had a significant increase at the doses of 229.13-303.91 mg/kg. At the doses of 353.55-499.99mg/kg, R-3-MCPD caused obvious swell of liver cells and the swell and congestion of the liver sinus. At the dose 229.13 mg/kg and above, (R,S)-3-MCPD also induced the swell of liver cells and congestion of the liver sinus. No obvious morphol. change of kidney after administration of R, S and (R,S)-3-MCPD was observed In conclusion, the acute toxicity of S-3-MCPD might be much higher than those of (R,S)-3-MCPD and R-3-MCPD, and both R-3-MCPD and S-3-MCPD seemed to possess neurotoxicity. There is still a lot of research devoted to this compound(SMILES：OC[C@H](O)CCl)Application of 60827-45-4, and with the development of science, more effects of this compound(60827-45-4) can be discovered.

Reference:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Recommanded Product: (2S)-(+)-3-Chloropropane-1,2-diol. The mechanism of aromatic electrophilic substitution of aromatic heterocycles is consistent with that of benzene. Compound: (2S)-(+)-3-Chloropropane-1,2-diol, is researched, Molecular C3H7ClO2, CAS is 60827-45-4, about Inhibition of glucose catabolism in rat, hamster, rhesus monkey and human spermatozoa by α-chlorohydrin. Author is Ford, W. C. L.; Harrison, Anne; Takkar, G. L.; Waites, G. M. H..

Spermatozoa from the cauda epididymis of rats treated with RS-α-chlorohydrin [96-24-2] (10 mg/kg/day for 7 days, orally) had the same ATP [56-65-5] content as control spermatozoa immediately after collection, but were unable to metabolize glucose [50-99-7] in vitro and so their ATP content declined more rapidly than that of control spermatozoa. The in vitro metabolism of glucose by spermatozoa from rat, hamster, rhesus monkey, and human was inhibited by ≥80% after 15-30 min preincubation in the presence of RS-α-chlorohydrin concentrations of <1, >10, 5-10, and >50 mM, resp. Inhibition of glucose oxidation was correlated with a reduction in ATP concentration in the spermatozoa. α-Chlorohydrin may act as an antifertility agent by inhibition of sperm glycolysis, but RS-α-chlorohydrin would apparently not be an effective contraceptive in man. However, the glucose metabolism of human spermatozoa was significantly inhibited by <10 mM of S-α-chlorohydrin [60827-45-4]. There is still a lot of research devoted to this compound(SMILES：OC[C@H](O)CCl)Recommanded Product: (2S)-(+)-3-Chloropropane-1,2-diol, and with the development of science, more effects of this compound(60827-45-4) can be discovered.

Reference:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic.Petukhova, N. I.; Khalimova, L. Kh.; Mitrofanov, D. V.; Gareev, V. M.; Zorin, V. V. researched the compound: (2S)-(+)-3-Chloropropane-1,2-diol( cas:60827-45-4 ).Application In Synthesis of (2S)-(+)-3-Chloropropane-1,2-diol.They published the article 《Rhodococcus sp. 18-19 and Pseudomonas sp. 31-3 as new tools for obtaining of optically active 3-chloro-1,2-propanediol》 about this compound( cas:60827-45-4 ) in Bashkirskii Khimicheskii Zhurnal. Keywords: chloropropanediol kinetic resolution Rhodococcus Pseudomonas. We’ll tell you more about this compound (cas:60827-45-4).

Bacteria synthesizing stereoselective ferments of 3-chloro-1,2-propanediol transformation were isolated from the soil samples. Rhodococcus sp. 18-19 and Pseudomonas sp. 31-3 were revealed to be the most active strains, exhibiting the opposite specificity to diol stereoisomeres. The possibility to use these strains for obtaining of optically active 3-chloro-1,2-propanediol by the kinetic resolution of racemate with help of resting or growing cells was shown. It was found, that (S)-enantiomer (97% ee) can be obtained when using Rhodococcus sp. 18-19 strain, and (R)-enantiomer (96% ee) – when using Pseudomonas sp. 31-3 strain.

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Reference:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Recommanded Product: 60827-45-4. The mechanism of aromatic electrophilic substitution of aromatic heterocycles is consistent with that of benzene. Compound: (2S)-(+)-3-Chloropropane-1,2-diol, is researched, Molecular C3H7ClO2, CAS is 60827-45-4, about Spontaneous resolution amongst chiral ortho-cyanophenyl glycerol derivatives: an effective preferential crystallization approach to a single enantiomer of the β-adrenoblocker bunitrolol. Author is Bredikhina, Zemfira A.; Akhatova, Flyura S.; Zakharychev, Dmitry V.; Bredikhin, Alexander A..

The β-adrenoblocker bunitrolol I as well as intermediate cyclic sulfate II and glycidyl ether III have been prepared in enantiopure form by starting from enantiopure o-cyanophenyl glycerol ether IV by an entrainment resolution procedure. Thermal investigations reveal that the hydrochloride salt of I forms a moderately stable racemic compound, whereas IV, II and III are conglomerate forming substances potentially capable of entrainment resolution Some chem. and chiroptical characteristics for bunitrolol and possible intermediates in its synthesis were corrected, and configurations were verified with the configuration of hydrochloride salt of I.

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Reference:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

In organic chemistry, atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are generally referred to as heteroatoms. The most common heteroatoms are nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. Now I present to you an article called Activities of various 6-chloro-6-deoxysugars and (S)α-chlorohydrin in producing spermatocoeles in rats and paralysis in mice and in inhibiting glucose metabolism in bull spermatozoa in vitro, published in 1982-05-31, which mentions a compound: 60827-45-4, mainly applied to contraceptive male chlorodeoxy sugar; chlorohydrin male contraceptive; toxicity male contraceptive chlorodeoxysugar, COA of Formula: C3H7ClO2.

6-chloro-6-deoxyglucose (I) [40656-44-8], 6-chloro-6-deoxymannose  [4990-81-2], 6-chloro-6-deoxyfructose  [66451-66-9], 6-chloro-6-deoxyglucitol  [76986-26-0], 6-chloro-6-deoxygalactose  [18465-32-2], and (S)α-chlorohydrin  [60827-45-4] all produced spermatoceles in the efferent ducts and epididymis of the rat and were neurotoxic in the mouse, but only α-chlorohydrin caused substantial inhibition of D-glucose  [50-99-7] metabolism in bull spermatozoa in vitro. The relative potencies of the compounds in producing spermatoceles reflected their activities as reversible antifertility agents in the rat but compared to the others 6-chloro-6-deoxymannose was considerably less neurotoxic to mice than might have been anticipated from its contraceptive dose. Thus, different metabolites may be responsible for causing the antifertility and the neurotoxic effects.

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Reference:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Name: (2S)-(+)-3-Chloropropane-1,2-diol. The reaction of aromatic heterocyclic molecules with protons is called protonation. Aromatic heterocycles are more basic than benzene due to the participation of heteroatoms. Compound: (2S)-(+)-3-Chloropropane-1,2-diol, is researched, Molecular C3H7ClO2, CAS is 60827-45-4, about Asymmetric hydrolysis of esters by biochemical methods. Part III. Asymmetric hydrolysis of (±)-1,2-diacetoxy-3-chloropropane and its related compounds with lipase. Synthesis of optically pure (S)-propranolol. Author is Iriuchijima, Shinobu; Kojima, Natsuko.

Asym. hydrolysis of (±)-1,2-diacetoxy-3-chloropropane (I) using lipoprotein lipase gave (S)-I of 90% enantiomeric excess (e.e.). Reactions of (S)-I with phenols in an alk. condition yielded the corresponding (S)-3-aryloxy-1,2-propranediols. (S)-Propranolol was prepared from (S)-3-(1-naphthoxy)-1,2-propanediol. Hydrolysis of (±)-1,2-diacetoxy-3-bromopropane (II) and (±)-1,2-diacetoxyethylbenzene (III) with the lipase afforded (S)-II of 77% e.e. and (R)-III of 73% e.e., resp.

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Reference:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

In general, if the atoms that make up the ring contain heteroatoms, such rings become heterocycles, and organic compounds containing heterocycles are called heterocyclic compounds. An article called Inhibition of fructolysis in boar spermatozoa by the male antifertility agent (S)-α-chlorohydrin, published in 1982, which mentions a compound: 60827-45-4, Name is (2S)-(+)-3-Chloropropane-1,2-diol, Molecular C3H7ClO2, Name: (2S)-(+)-3-Chloropropane-1,2-diol.

The male antifertility agent (S)-α-chlorohydrin  [60827-45-4] strongly inhibited the oxidative metabolism of fructose  [57-48-7] by boar spermatozoa in vitro. The result of this action, which has been deduced to be an inhibition of glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase, caused an accumulation of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate  [488-69-7] and the triose phosphates, and a decrease in substrate-level phosphorylation with a concomitant lowering of the energy charge potential of the spermatozoa. (R)-α-chlorohydrin  [57090-45-6] Had no inhibitory activity on fructolysis. A study of the comparative metabolism of (R)-[3-36Cl]-α-chlorohydrin and (R,S)-[3-36Cl]-α-chlorohydrin by boar spermatozoa showed that it is the (S)-isomer that specifically undergoes a process of oxidative metabolism to (R)-3-chlorolactaldehyde  [84607-54-5]. This endogenous oxidation product, which has the same absolute configuration as the substrate for glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase, may be the active metabolite of (S)-α-chlorohydrin that inhibits this enzyme. Exogenous (R,S)-3-chlorolactaldehyde  [84709-24-0] inhibited the oxidative metabolism of fructose by boar spermatozoa, apparently by a mechanism similar to that of (S)-α-chlorohydrin.

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Reference:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

In organic chemistry, atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are generally referred to as heteroatoms. The most common heteroatoms are nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. Now I present to you an article called Novel S1P1 Receptor Agonists – Part 2: From Bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-Fused Thiophenes to Isobutyl Substituted Thiophenes, published in 2014-01-09, which mentions a compound: 60827-45-4, mainly applied to isobutyl substituted thiophene derivative preparation S1P receptor agonist, Product Details of 60827-45-4.

Previously, we reported on the discovery of a novel series of bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane fused thiophene derivatives that serve as potent and selective S1P1 receptor agonists. Here, we discuss our efforts to simplify the bicyclohexane fused thiophene head. In a first step the bicyclohexane moiety could be replaced by a simpler, less rigid cyclohexane ring without compromising the S1P receptor affinity profile of these novel compounds In a second step, the thiophene head was simplified even further by replacing the cyclohexane ring with an iso-Bu group attached either to position 4 or position 5 of the thiophene. These structurally much simpler headgroups again furnished potent and selective S1P1 agonists (e.g., 87), which efficiently and dose dependently reduced the number of circulating lymphocytes upon oral administration to male Wistar rats. For several compounds discussed in this report lymphatic transport is an important route of absorption that may offer opportunities for a tissue targeted approach with minimal plasma exposure.

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Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: alicyclic heterocycles and aromatic heterocycles. Compounds whose heterocycles in the molecular skeleton cannot reflect aromaticity are called alicyclic heterocyclic compounds. Compound: 60827-45-4, is researched, Molecular C3H7ClO2, about Stereospecific analysis of fatty acid esters of chloropropanediol isolated from fresh goat milk, the main research direction is chlorodiglyceride goat milk.HPLC of Formula: 60827-45-4.

The fatty acid esters of chloropropanediol isolated from goat milk fat in small quantities were subjected to a stereospecific anal. via phospholipase C and phosphocholine esters as intermediates. Synthetic racemic 1-chloro-2,3-dioleoylpropanediol was prepared by standard methods and was used as a control. The stereospecific analyses were performed following release of the fatty acids from the primary positions of each chloropropanediol diester with pancreatic lipase. The resulting 1-chloro-2-acylpropanediols were then converted into the corresponding phosphocholine derivatives by a stepwise reaction with phosphorus oxychloride and choline chloride. The 1-chloro-2-acyl-3-phosphocholinepropanediols were subjected to hydrolysis with phospholipase C (Clostridium perfringens), which hydrolyzed 50% of the phosphatide within 2 min and the rest of it in 2 h. From previous experience with glycerol esters, it was assumed that the more rapidly hydrolyzed mols. were the sn-1-chloro-2-acylpropanediol derivatives and the more slowly hydrolyzed ones the sn-2-acyl-3-chloropropanediol derivatives Hydrolysis with phospholipase A2 (Crotalus adamanteus) released 50% of the total fatty acid along with the corresponding lyso compound within 10 min, after which there was no further reaction. The hydrolysis products were assayed directly by gas chromatog. or were isolated by TLC prior to quantitation by gas chromatog. Both naturally occurring and synthetic chloropropanediol diesters behaved similarly on stereospecific anal. and were therefore concluded to be racemic.

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Reference:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com