Month: October 2022

《Evidence for Photocatalyst Involvement in Oxidative Additions of Nickel-Catalyzed Carboxylate O-Arylations》 was published in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2020. These research results belong to Malik, Jamal A.; Madani, Amiera; Pieber, Bartholomaeus; Seeberger, Peter H.. Synthetic Route of C7H7I The article mentions the following:

Dual photocatalysis and nickel catalysis can effect cross-coupling under mild conditions, but little is known about the in situ kinetics of this class of reactions. We report a comprehensive kinetic examination of a model carboxylate O-arylation, comparing a state-of-the-art homogeneous photocatalyst (Ir(ppy)3) with a competitive heterogeneous photocatalyst (graphitic carbon nitride). Exptl. conditions were adjusted such that the nickel catalytic cycle is saturated with excited photocatalyst. This approach was designed to remove the role of the photocatalyst, by which only the intrinsic behaviors of the nickel catalytic cycles are observed The two reactions did not display identical kinetics. Ir(ppy)3 deactivates the nickel catalytic cycle and creates more dehalogenated side product. Kinetic data for the reaction using Ir(ppy)3 supports a turnover-limiting reductive elimination. Graphitic carbon nitride gave higher selectivity, even at high photocatalyst-to-nickel ratios. The heterogeneous reaction also showed a rate dependence on aryl halide, indicating that oxidative addition plays a role in rate determination The results argue against the current mechanistic hypothesis, which states that the photocatalyst is only involved to trigger reductive elimination. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1-Iodo-4-methylbenzene(cas: 624-31-7Synthetic Route of C7H7I)

1-Iodo-4-methylbenzene(cas: 624-31-7) undergoes Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction with phenylboronic acid catalyzed by (Ni,Mg)3Si2O5(OH)4 solid-solution nanotubes loaded with palladium.Synthetic Route of C7H7I

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

《Pd/Cu-Catalyzed Enantioselective Sequential Heck/Sonogashira Coupling: Asymmetric Synthesis of Oxindoles Containing Trifluoromethylated Quaternary Stereogenic Centers》 was written by Bai, Xingfeng; Wu, Caizhi; Ge, Shaozhong; Lu, Yixin. Recommanded Product: 4-Chloro-2-iodoaniline And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2020. The article conveys some information:

An asym. palladium and copper co-catalyzed Heck/Sonogashira reaction between o-iodoacrylanilides and terminal alkynes to synthesize chiral oxindoles was developed. In particular, a wide range of CF3-substituted o-iodoacrylanilides reacted with terminal alkynes, affording the corresponding chiral oxindoles containing trifluoromethylated quaternary stereogenic centers in high yields with excellent enantioselectivities (94-98% ee). This asym. Heck/Sonogashira reaction provides a general approach to access oxindole derivatives containing quaternary stereogenic centers including CF3-substituted ones. In addition to this study using 4-Chloro-2-iodoaniline, there are many other studies that have used 4-Chloro-2-iodoaniline(cas: 63069-48-7Recommanded Product: 4-Chloro-2-iodoaniline) was used in this study.

4-Chloro-2-iodoaniline(cas: 63069-48-7) belongs to anime. Examples of direct uses of amines and their salts are as corrosion inhibitors in boilers and in lubricating oils (morpholine), as antioxidants for rubber and roofing asphalt (diarylamines), as stabilizers for cellulose nitrate explosives (diphenylamine), as protectants against damage from gamma radiation (diarylamines), as developers in photography (aromatic diamines), as flotation agents in mining, as anticling and waterproofing agents for textiles, as fabric softeners, in paper coating, and for solubilizing herbicides.Recommanded Product: 4-Chloro-2-iodoaniline

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Appa, Rama Moorthy; Ramesh Naidu, Bandameeda; Venkateswarlu, Derangula; Hanafiah, Marlia M.; Lakkaboyana, Sivarama Krishna; Lakshmidevi, Jangam; Venkateswarlu, Katta published their research in Green Chemistry Letters and Reviews in 2021. The article was titled 《Water extract of pomegranate ash-I2 as sustainable system for external oxidant/metal/catalyst-free oxidative iodination of (hetero)arenes》.HPLC of Formula: 63069-48-7 The article contains the following contents:

An added oxidant/metal/catalyst/additive and problematic solvent-free versatile and straightforward protocol was reported for the synthesis of aryl iodides (AIs) using mol. iodine (I2) in water extract of pomegranate ash (WEPA). These transformations were performed at room temperature (rt) and the reactions took place in 5-20 min to give 83-99% yields of aryl iodides. WEPA was characterized by using XPS, EDX, XRF, XRD and FTIR anal. and a plausible mechanism had been established based on these anal. along with some control experiments Further, the products were purified by recrystallization technique. This work with intrinsic sustainability, high substrate feasibility, utilization of biorenewable catalystytic media, ease of execution and separation of products, and added oxidant/catalyst/metal and additive-free conditions might became one among the forefront sustainable procedures in making aryl iodides. The use of waste-derived WEPA as catalystytic media for this iodination was the novelty of this method and might be used these aryl iodides for further in-process transformations (e.g. cross-couplings, nucleophilic reactions, etc.) to access fine chems. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Chloro-2-iodoaniline(cas: 63069-48-7HPLC of Formula: 63069-48-7)

4-Chloro-2-iodoaniline(cas: 63069-48-7) belongs to anime. Aniline, ethanolamines, and several other amines are major industrial commodities used in making rubber, dyes, pharmaceuticals, and synthetic resins and fibres and for a host of other applications. Most of the numerous methods for the preparation of amines may be broadly divided into two groups: (1) chemical reduction (replacement of oxygen with hydrogen atoms in the molecule) of members of several other classes of organic nitrogen compounds and (2) reactions of ammonia or amines with organic compounds.HPLC of Formula: 63069-48-7

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Chen, Mengyuan; Liang, Yuchen; Dong, Taotao; Liang, Weijian; Liu, Yanping; Zhang, Yage; Huang, Xin; Kong, Lichun; Wang, Zhi-Xiang; Peng, Bo published their research in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2021. The article was titled 《Z-Selective α-Arylation of α,β-Unsaturated Nitriles via [3,3]-Sigmatropic Rearrangement》.Category: iodides-buliding-blocks The article contains the following contents:

The Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) reaction and [3, 3]-sigmatropic rearrangement are two paradigms in organic synthesis. We have merged the two types of reactions to achieve [3,3]-rearrangement of aryl sulfoxides with α,β-unsaturated nitriles. The reaction was achieved by sequentially treating both coupling partners with electrophilic activator (Tf2O) and base, offering an effective approach to prepare synthetically versatile α-aryl α,β-unsaturated nitriles with Z-selectivity through direct α-C-H arylation of unmodified α,β-unsaturated nitriles. The control experiments and DFT calculations support a four-stage reaction sequence, including the assembly of Tf2O activated aryl sulfoxide with α,β-unsaturated nitrile, MBH-like Lewis base addition, [3,3]-rearrangement, and E1cB-elimination. Among these stages, the Lewis base addition is diastereoselective and E1cB-elimination is cis-selective, which could account for the remarkable Z-selectivity of the reaction. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Trimethylsulfoxonium iodide(cas: 1774-47-6Category: iodides-buliding-blocks)

Trimethylsulfoxonium iodide(cas: 1774-47-6) is a sulfoxonium salt. It is used to generate dimethyloxosulfonium methylide by reaction with sodium hydride. The latter compound is used as a methylene-transfer reagent, and is used to prepare epoxides.Category: iodides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Mashiko, Tomoya; Shingai, Yuta; Sakai, Jun; Kamo, Shogo; Adachi, Shinya; Matsuzawa, Akinobu; Sugita, Kazuyuki published their research in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2021. The article was titled 《Total Synthesis of Cochlearol B via Intramolecular [2+2] Photocycloaddition》.Safety of 3-Iodophenol The article contains the following contents:

Herein, authors describe the first total synthesis of cochlearol B (I), a meroterpenoid natural product featuring a 4/5/6/6/6-fused pentacyclic structure. Key steps, oxidative cyclization and subsequent intramol. [2+2] photocycloaddition, which constructed the pentacyclic structure in highly stereoselective manner, allowed efficient access to cochlearol B with the longest linear sequence of 16 steps, and in 9% overall yield. Single-crystal X-ray crystallog. anal. clearly confirmed the stereochem. of cochlearol B. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of 3-Iodophenol(cas: 626-02-8Safety of 3-Iodophenol)

3-Iodophenol(cas: 626-02-8) belongs to organic iodides. The carbon-iodine bond is weaker than other carbon-halogen bonds due to the poor electronegative nature of the iodine atom. Alkyl iodides react at a faster rate than alkyl fluorides due to the weak C-I bond.Safety of 3-Iodophenol

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Visseq, Alexia; Descheemaeker, Amelie; Herault, Karine; Giraud, Francis; Abrunhosa-Thomas, Isabelle; Artola, Alain; Anizon, Fabrice; Dallel, Radhouane; Moreau, Pascale published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Improved potency of pyridin-2(1H)one derivatives for the treatment of mechanical allodynia》, and you may find the article in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry.Synthetic Route of C5H4IN The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Mech. allodynia, a painful sensation caused by innocuous touch, is a major chronic pain symptom, which often remains without an effective treatment. There is thus a need for new anti-allodynic treatments based on new drug classes. We recently synthesized new 3,5-disubstituted pyridin-2(1H)-one derivatives By substituting the pyridinone at the 3-position by various aryl/heteroaryl moieties and at the 5-position by a phenylamino group, we discovered that some derivatives exhibited a strong anti-allodynic potency in rats. Here, we report that varying the substitution of the pyridinone 5-position, the 3-position being substituted by an indol-4-yl moiety, further improves such anti-allodynic potency. Compared with 2, one of the two most active compounds of the first series, eleven out of nineteen newly synthesized compounds showed higher anti-allodynic potency, with two of them completely preventing mech. allodynia. In the first series, hit compounds 1 and 2 (I and II) appeared to be inhibitors of p38α MAPK, a protein kinase known to underlie pain hypersensitivity in animal models. Depending on the substitution at the 5-position, some newly synthesized compounds were also stronger p38α MAPK inhibitors. Surprisingly, though, anti-allodynic effects and p38α MAPK inhibitory potencies were not correlated, suggesting that other biol. target(s) is/are involved in the analgesic activity in this series. Altogether, these results confirm that 3,5-disubstituted pyridine-2(1H)-one derivatives are of high interest for the development of new treatment of mech. allodynia. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Iodopyridine(cas: 15854-87-2Synthetic Route of C5H4IN)

4-Iodopyridine(cas: 15854-87-2) is used as a reagent in the synthesis of indazolylamides as glucocorticoid receptor agonists. 4-Iodopyridine is a halogenated heterocycle that is a building block for proteomics research.Synthetic Route of C5H4IN

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Wang, Linjuan; Zan, Ling published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Band-gap-energy-adjustable and noble-metal-free modified NiS-ZnxCd1-xS for highly efficient visible-light-driven Cr6+ photoreduction in alkaline wastewater》, and you may find the article in Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids.Product Details of 516-12-1 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Industrial wastewater containing heavy metal ions can cover the full pH range according to the manufacturing process. Alk. wastewater treatment is still a great challenge because Cr6+ therein has a more neg. reduction potential (Cr2O27- + 14H+ + 6e- = 2Cr3+ + 7H2O (ECr6+Cr2O72-Cr3+) = Eθ – ((RT)/(nF))ln[OH]-) than in acid solution, in which it can be easily reduced by numerous reagents. In this study, weakly alk. Cr6+ solution has been used to simulate weakly alk. industrial wastewater, and a reagent capable of excellent reduction efficiency therein has been developed. A series of band-gap-energy-adjustable NiS-ZnxCd1-xS composites has been synthesized by a one-pot hydrothermal method. A more neg. conduction band position for ZnxCd1-xS has been achieved by doping and changing the amount of Zn2+ ions to ensure a superior photoreduction ability. All modified samples show excellent photocatalytic efficiency. For example, the reduction efficiency of 10%NiS-Zn0.25Cd0.75S sample is threefold higher than that of Zn0.25Cd0.75S and sixfold higher than that of CdS when deployed at a catalytic level for 30 min. Multiple characterization methods have been applied, and the results show that the improved efficiency can be ascribed to intimate contact between Zn0.25Cd0.75S and NiS. Photoluminescence (PL) and photocurrent measurements and electrochem. impedance spectroscopy (EIS) further elucidate the catalytic mechanism and imply an enhanced charge-carrier separation efficiency between Zn0.25Cd0.75S and NiS. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1-Iodopyrrolidine-2,5-dione(cas: 516-12-1Product Details of 516-12-1)

1-Iodopyrrolidine-2,5-dione(cas: 516-12-1) is used in the preparation of vinyl sulfones from olefins and benzenesulfinic acid. It acts as a source for I+ and involved in Hunsdiecker reactions for the conversion of cinnamic acids, and propiolic acids to the corresponding alfa-halostyrenes and 1-halo-1-alkynes respectively. Product Details of 516-12-1

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Xiong, Wenzhang; Shi, Qiu; Liu, Wenbo H. published an article in 2022. The article was titled 《Simple and Practical Conversion of Benzoic Acids to Phenols at Room Temperature》, and you may find the article in Journal of the American Chemical Society.Recommanded Product: 3-Iodophenol The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Herein, an efficient and practical approach to prepare phenols from benzoic acids via simple organic reagents at room temperature was reported. This approach was compatible with various functional groups and heterocycles and can be easily scaled up. To demonstrate its synthetic utility, bioactive mols. and unsym. hexaarylbenzenes was prepared by leveraging this transformation as strategic steps. Mechanistic investigations suggest that the key migration step involve a free carbocation instead of a radical intermediate. Considering the abundance of benzoic acids and the utility of phenols, it was anticipated that this method will find broad applications in organic synthesis. In addition to this study using 3-Iodophenol, there are many other studies that have used 3-Iodophenol(cas: 626-02-8Recommanded Product: 3-Iodophenol) was used in this study.

3-Iodophenol(cas: 626-02-8) belongs to organic iodides. The carbon-iodine bond is weaker than other carbon-halogen bonds due to the poor electronegative nature of the iodine atom. Recommanded Product: 3-Iodophenol Organic iodides can be alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl, and all of them are very reactive toward with many kinds of nucleophiles.

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

In 2022,Thakare, Milind S.; Pawar, Nilesh S.; Adole, Vishnu A.; Patil, Dipak B.; Patil, Vikas published an article in Journal of the Indian Chemical Society. The title of the article was 《Reactive sensing of gold (III) by coumarin tethered fluorescent probe through alkyne activation》.Product Details of 88-67-5 The author mentioned the following in the article:

A novel strategy, involving anchoring and un-anchoring of coumarin based fluorophore, has been established for the selective detection of Au3+ species. Selective sensing of Gold (Au3+) was triggered due to alkynophilicity of gold ions to create lateral fluorescence of a latent fluorophore. The 4-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yl 2-(2-phenylethynyl) benzoate (CEB) probe was synthesized by reacting 7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin with iodo-benzoic acid. CEB probe has an absorption at 300 nm and 335 nm which decreases gradually and new absorption appeared at 406 nm due to Au3+ promoted ester hydrolysis selectively over other metal ions with great sensitivity, which accompanies a turn on fluorescence change produced by 7-hydroxy coumarin. The principle behind this sensing strategy is activation of triple bond induced uniquely by Au+3 ions leading to cascade and delivers active fluorophore. The sensing mechanism was proposed and supported by 1H NMR, MS and TD-DFT experiments The d. functional theory (DFT) and time dependent d. functional theory (TD-DFT) theor. results of the CEB-probe and Au3+ reaction is in good agreement with the exptl. results. Addnl., probe could be well incorporated onto the test strips for effective detection of Au3+.2-Iodobenzoic acid(cas: 88-67-5Product Details of 88-67-5) was used in this study.

2-Iodobenzoic acid(cas: 88-67-5) belongs to organic iodides. Organic iodides are used in veterinary products (Organic Iodide Powder) as a nutritional source of iodine.Product Details of 88-67-5 In the chemical industry, alkyl iodides serve as excellent alkylating agents and, specifically, methyl iodide is used as a methylating agent in the synthesis of various pharmaceutical drugs.

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

In 2022,Zhang, Xing Xing; Diao, Liang Zhuo; Chen, Liu Zeng; Ma, Duo; Wang, Yu Meng; Jiang, Han; Ruan, Ban Feng; Liu, Xin Hua published an article in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. The title of the article was 《Discovery of 4-((E)-3,5-dimethoxy-2-((E)-2-nitrovinyl)styryl)aniline derivatives as potent and orally active NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors for colitis》.Safety of 4-Iodobenzoic acid The author mentioned the following in the article:

A series of pterostilbene derivatives I [R1 = tert-Bu, Ph, 2-furyl, etc] were designed and synthesized based on previous SAR, leading to discovery of new effective NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors with metabolic stability. Among them, the most effective compound I [R1 = 2-furyl] showed high inhibitory efficacy (against IL-1 β: IC50 = 1.23μM) and almost no toxicity (against IL-1 b: IC50 > 100μM). Further mechanism studies have showed that compound I [R1 = 2-furyl] directly targets the NLRP3 and affects the assembly of inflammasomes to inhibit the activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes. More importantly, in vitro experiments show that compound I [R1 = 2-furyl] has a significant therapeutic effect on DSS-induced colitis in mice with good metabolic stability to liver microsomes (t1/2 = 138.6 min). This research encourages the further development of more effective NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors based on this chem. scaffold. In addition to this study using 4-Iodobenzoic acid, there are many other studies that have used 4-Iodobenzoic acid(cas: 619-58-9Safety of 4-Iodobenzoic acid) was used in this study.

4-Iodobenzoic acid(cas: 619-58-9) belongs to organic iodides. The carbon-iodine bond is weaker than other carbon-halogen bonds due to the poor electronegative nature of the iodine atom. Alkyl iodides react at a faster rate than alkyl fluorides due to the weak C-I bond.Safety of 4-Iodobenzoic acid

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com