Crystal Growth, Structure, and Polymorphic Behavior of an Ionic Liquid: Phthalate Derivative of N-Butyl,N-methylimidazolium Hexafluorophosphate was written by Brandel, Clement;Gbabode, Gabin;Cartigny, Yohann;Martin, Claudette;Gouhier, Geraldine;Petit, Samuel;Coquerel, Gerard. And the article was included in Chemistry of Materials in 2014.Reference of 10297-05-9 This article mentions the following:
After the multistep synthesis of an original imidazolium hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid, [pbmim][PF6], two polymorphic forms were isolated from methanolic solution and characterized by XRPD, DSC, and Raman spectroscopy. Stable Form A (mp 90.3 °C) was obtained by conventional crystallization at a moderate cooling rate (<10 K/min), whereas metastable Form B (mp 83.2 °C) was spontaneously produced from a liquid-liquid demixing (oiling out) when a faster cooling rate (>10 K/min) was applied. Structural analyses carried out by using single-crystal (Form A) and powder (Form B) X-ray diffraction revealed a rotational disorder of anionic octahedrons and, more interestingly, large conformational differences between cationic moieties caused by their mol. flexibility. Crystal growth of [pbmim][PF6] (Form A) in methanol often leads to numerous crystal defects and revealed that most of them consist of liquid inclusions. The supersaturation ratio (β) appeared to be the predominant factor influencing the crystal growth behavior under isothermal and stagnant conditions. At low β values, a morphol. transition from rod-shaped crystals to platelets was observed, presumably caused by a change in the growth mechanism of specific faces. Using high β values promotes either the formation of microscopic (<5 μm) liquid inclusions that become easily detectable upon heating or the appearance of macroscopic inclusions with an hourglass shape. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Chloro-4-iodobutane (cas: 10297-05-9Reference of 10297-05-9).
1-Chloro-4-iodobutane (cas: 10297-05-9) belongs to iodide derivatives. Organoiodine compounds occur widely in organic chemistry, but are relatively rare in nature. Iodo alkanes participate in a variety of organic synthesis reactions, which include the SimmonsSmith reaction (cyclopropanation using iodomethane), Williamson ether synthesis, Wittig reaction, Grignard reaction, alkyl coupling reactions, and Wurtz reaction.Reference of 10297-05-9
Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com