Category: iodides-buliding-blocks

Dense Iodine-Rich Compounds with Low Detonation Pressures as Biocidal Agents was written by He, Chunlin;Zhang, Jiaheng;Shreeve, Jean’ne M.. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2013.Product Details of 15813-09-9 This article mentions the following:

Fifteen iodo compounds and six iodyl compounds with an iodine content between 45.3-89.0 % were prepared The mono, di, and triiodyl compounds were obtained from the corresponding iodo compound by employing Oxone. All the compounds were characterized by IR, ¹H and ¹³C NMR, elemental anal., and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The impact sensitivity was measured by using BAM (Bundesamt fuer Materialforschung) methodol. Based on the calculated heats of formation and exptl. densities, the detonation properties and detonation products were predicted by employing Cheetah 6.0. A total percentage of iodine-containing species in weight % (I₂, HI, and I in gas phase) ranged from 46.7 (21)-88.94 % (11) was found in the detonation products. The high concentration and easy accessibility of iodine and/or iodine-containing species is very important in developing materials suitable as Agent Defeat Weapons (ADWs). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4,5-Diiodo-1H-imidazole (cas: 15813-09-9Product Details of 15813-09-9).

4,5-Diiodo-1H-imidazole (cas: 15813-09-9) belongs to iodide derivatives. Organic iodides are organic compounds containing a carbon-iodine (C-I) bond. The carbon-iodine bond is weaker than other carbon-halogen bonds due to the poor electronegative nature of the iodine atom. Alkyl iodides react at a faster rate than alkyl fluorides due to the weak C-I bond.Product Details of 15813-09-9

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

3α-Hydroxy-3β-(phenylethynyl)-5β-pregnan-20-ones: Synthesis and Pharmacological Activity of Neuroactive Steroids with High Affinity for GABA_A Receptors was written by Upasani, Ravindra B.;Yang, Kevin C.;Acosta-Burruel, Manuel;Konkoy, Chris S.;McLellan, James A.;Woodward, Richard M.;Lan, Nancy C.;Carter, Richard B.;Hawkinson, Jon E.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 1997.Application of 77350-52-8 This article mentions the following:

Neuroactive steroids that allosterically modulate GABA_A receptors have potential uses as anticonvulsants, anxiolytics, and sedative-hypnotic agents. Recently, a series of pregnanes substituted with simple alkyl groups at the 3β-position were synthesized and found to be active in vitro. The present report describes the synthesis of a series of substituted 3α-hydroxy-3β-(phenylethynyl)pregnan-20-ones I [R = 4-MeO, 4-Cl, 4-Me₂N, CN-4, CONH₂-4, 4-Ph, 4-HO, 4-O₂N, 2-MeO, 3,4-(MeO)₂, 3,4-OCH₂O, 2-HO, 3-HO, 4-Me, 4-H₂N, 4-CF₃, 4-Ac, 4-EtO₂C, CHO-4, CONEt₂-4, COPh-4; R¹ = Me; R = Ac, CO₂Et-4, R¹ = H] and their in vitro structure-activity relationship determined by their potency for inhibition of [³⁵S]TBPS binding in rat brain membranes. Appropriate substitution of the Ph group results in ligands with particularly high affinity for the neuroactive steroid site on GABA_A receptors [e.g., I (R = 4-Ac; R¹ = Me), IC₅₀ 10 nM]. The potency of selected steroids was confirmed electrophysiol. in oocytes expressing cloned human GABA_A α1β2γ2L receptors [e.g., I (R = 4-Ac; R¹ = Me), EC₅₀ 6.6 nM]. Consistent with their in vitro activity, some of the 3β-(phenylethynyl)-substituted steroids displayed anticonvulsant activity in the pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) and maximal electroshock (MES) tests following i.p. administration in mice. Notably, the 3β-[(4-acetylphenyl)ethynyl]-19-nor derivative I (R = Ac, R¹ = H) provided an attractive anticonvulsant profile (PTZ and MES ED₅₀ values of 2.8 and 9.2 mg/kg, resp.). A new pharmacophore for the neuroactive steroid site of GABA_A receptors is proposed based upon the high affinity of certain substituted 3β-(phenylethynyl) steroids. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N,N-Diethyl-4-iodobenzamide (cas: 77350-52-8Application of 77350-52-8).

N,N-Diethyl-4-iodobenzamide (cas: 77350-52-8) belongs to iodide derivatives. Organic iodides can be alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl, and all of them are very reactive toward with many kinds of nucleophiles. The C–I bond is the weakest of the carbon–halogen bonds. These bond strengths correlate with the electronegativity of the halogen, decreasing in the order F > Cl > Br > I.Application of 77350-52-8

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Baeyer-Villiger oxidation tuned to chemoselective conversion of non-activated [¹⁸F]fluorobenzaldehydes to [¹⁸F]fluorophenols was written by Ermert, Johannes;Castillo Melean, Johnny;Humpert, Swen;Modemann, Daniel;Krupp, Dominik;Kern, Isabel;Kreft, Sabrina;Coenen, Heinz H.. And the article was included in Journal of Labelled Compounds and Radiopharmaceuticals in 2019.Reference of 452-82-4 This article mentions the following:

A reaction pathway via oxidation of [¹⁸F]fluorobenzaldehydes offered a very useful tool for the no-carrier-added radiosynthesis of [¹⁸F]fluorophenols. A considerably improved chemoselectivity of the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation (BVO) toward phenols was achieved, employing 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol as reaction solvent in combination with oxone or m-CPBA as oxidation agent. The studies showed the necessity of H₂SO₄ addition, which appeared to have a dual effect, acting as catalyst and desiccant. For example, 2-[¹⁸F]fluorophenol was obtained with a radiochem. yield (RCY) of 97% under optimized conditions of 80°C and 30-min reaction time. The changed performance of the BVO, which was in agreement with known reaction mechanisms via Criegee intermediates, provided the best results with regard to RCY and chemoselectivity, i.e. formation of [¹⁸F]fluorophenols rather than [¹⁸F]fluorobenzoic acids. Further, the applicability of the tuned, chemoselective BVO to the n.c.a. level and to more complex compounds was demonstrated for the products n.c.a. 4-[¹⁸F]fluorophenol and 4-[¹⁸F]fluoro-m-tyramine, resp. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Fluoro-2-iodo-4-methylbenzene (cas: 452-82-4Reference of 452-82-4).

1-Fluoro-2-iodo-4-methylbenzene (cas: 452-82-4) belongs to iodide derivatives. Generally organic iodides can be divided into two classes of alkyl iodides and aryl iodides. Typical reactions of alkyl iodides include nucleophilic substitution, elimination, reduction, and the formation of organometallics. Alkyl iodides react at a faster rate than alkyl fluorides due to the weak C-I bond.Reference of 452-82-4

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Synthesis of soluble, linear trisphenanthrolines was written by Schmittel, Michael;Michel, Christoph;Wiegrefe, Andreas. And the article was included in Synthesis in 2005.Recommanded Product: 1,4-Diiodo-2,3,5,6-tetramethylbenzene This article mentions the following:

The preparation of several soluble, linear tris(phenanthroline) derivatives is described. The ligands are designed along the HETPHEN concept as precursors for heteroleptic bis(phenanthroline) metal ion complexes. Hence, they are important building blocks for various supramol. structures, such as nanogrids, nanoladders and nanotubes. An example compound thus prepared was a tris(phenanthroline) (I). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4-Diiodo-2,3,5,6-tetramethylbenzene (cas: 3268-21-1Recommanded Product: 1,4-Diiodo-2,3,5,6-tetramethylbenzene).

1,4-Diiodo-2,3,5,6-tetramethylbenzene (cas: 3268-21-1) belongs to iodide derivatives. In general, organic iodides are light-sensitive and turn yellow during storage, owing to the formation of iodine. Organoiodine lubricants can be used with titanium, stainless steels, and other metals which tend to seize up with conventional lubricants: organoiodine lubricants can be used in turbines and spacecraft, and as a cutting oil in machining.Recommanded Product: 1,4-Diiodo-2,3,5,6-tetramethylbenzene

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Stereoselective alkoxycarbonylation of unactivated C(sp³)-H bonds with alkyl chloroformates via Pd(II)/Pd(IV) catalysis was written by Liao, Gang;Yin, Xue-Song;Chen, Kai;Zhang, Qi;Zhang, Shuo-Qing;Shi, Bing-Feng. And the article was included in Nature Communications in 2016.Formula: C8H9IO2 This article mentions the following:

The stereoselective alkoxycarbonylation of both Me and methylene C(sp³)-H bonds with alkyl chloroformates RCO₂Cl [R = Me, Et, Pr, cyclopentyl, (9H-fluoren-9-yl)methyl, etc.] through a Pd(II)/Pd(IV) catalytic cycle has been reported. A broad range of aliphatic carboxamides, e.g., 2-(3-methylphenyl)-N-(quinolin-8-yl)propanamide and alkyl chloroformates are compatible with this protocol. In addition, this process is scalable and the directing group could be easily removed under mild conditions with complete retention of configuration. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Iodo-1,2-dimethoxybenzene (cas: 5460-32-2Formula: C8H9IO2).

4-Iodo-1,2-dimethoxybenzene (cas: 5460-32-2) belongs to iodide derivatives. Typical reactions of alkyl iodides include nucleophilic substitution, elimination, reduction, and the formation of organometallics. The C–I bond is the weakest of the carbon–halogen bonds. These bond strengths correlate with the electronegativity of the halogen, decreasing in the order F > Cl > Br > I. This periodic order also follows the atomic radius of halogens and the length of the carbon-halogen bond.Formula: C8H9IO2

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Rational Design of a Novel Mononuclear Rhodium(II) Complex was written by Dixon, Felicia M.;Farrell, Joshua R.;Doan, Peter E.;Williamson, Amanda;Weinberger, Dana A.;Mirkin, Chad A.;Stern, Charlotte;Incarvito, Christopher D.;Liable-Sands, Louise M.;Zakharov, Lev N.;Rheingold, Arnold L.. And the article was included in Organometallics in 2002.Recommanded Product: 3268-21-1 This article mentions the following:

Reaction of rhodium(I) with a multidentate hemilabile bisphosphine ligand yields a two-legged piano-stool complexes I (X = O, n = 1,2; X = CH₂, n = 2) whose steric and electronic factors stabilize rhodium(II) upon chem. oxidation The inherent stabilizing properties of the ligand system allow for the first structural isolation of a novel mononuclear organometallic rhodium(II) complex in a two-legged piano-stool geometry. The crystal structures of I (X = O, CH₂, n = 2) and the oxidized product of I (X = CH₂, n = 2) were determined In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4-Diiodo-2,3,5,6-tetramethylbenzene (cas: 3268-21-1Recommanded Product: 3268-21-1).

1,4-Diiodo-2,3,5,6-tetramethylbenzene (cas: 3268-21-1) belongs to iodide derivatives. Generally organic iodides can be divided into two classes of alkyl iodides and aryl iodides. Typical reactions of alkyl iodides include nucleophilic substitution, elimination, reduction, and the formation of organometallics. A typical method for synthesis of aromatic iodides is diazotization of primary aromatic amines followed by treatment of potassium iodide. Aliphatic alcohols are converted to alkyl iodides by treating with hydrogen iodide.Recommanded Product: 3268-21-1

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Tsuji-Trost Reaction of Non-Derivatized Allylic Alcohols was written by Akkarasamiyo, Sunisa;Sawadjoon, Supaporn;Orthaber, Andreas;Samec, Joseph S. M.. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2018.Application In Synthesis of 4-Iodo-1,2-dimethoxybenzene This article mentions the following:

Palladium-catalyzed allylic substitution of non-derivatized enantioenriched allylic alcs. with a variety of uncharged N-, S-, C- and O-centered nucleophiles using a bidentate BiPhePhos ligand is described. A remarkable effect of the counter ion (X) of the XPd[κ²-BiPhePhos][η³-C₃H₅] was observed When ClPd[κ²-BiPhePhos][η³-C₃H₅] was used as catalyst, non-reproducible results were obtained. Study of the complex by X-ray crystallog., ³¹P NMR spectroscopy, and ESI-MS showed that a decomposition occurred where one of the phosphite ligands was oxidized to the corresponding phosphate, generating ClPd[κ¹-BiPhePhosphite-phosphate][η³-C₃H₅] species. When the chloride was exchanged to the weaker coordinating OTf^– counter ion the more stable Pd[κ²-BiPhePhos][η³-C₃H₅]⁺+[OTf] ^– was formed. The complex Pd[κ²-BiPhePhos][η³-C₃H₅]⁺+[OTf] ^– performed better and gave higher enantiospecificities in the substitution reactions. The complex Pd[κ²-BiPhePhos][η³-C₃H₅]⁺+[OTf] ^– was evaluated in Tsuji-Trost reactions of stereogenic non-derivatized allylic alcs. The desired products were obtained in good to excellent yields (71-98 %) and enantiospecificities (73-99 %) for both inter- and intramol. substitution reactions with only water generated as a byproduct. The methodol. was applied to key steps in total synthesis of (S)-cuspareine (I) and (+)-lentiginosine (II). A reaction mechanism involving a palladium hydride as a key intermediate in the activation of the hydroxyl group is proposed in the overall transformation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Iodo-1,2-dimethoxybenzene (cas: 5460-32-2Application In Synthesis of 4-Iodo-1,2-dimethoxybenzene).

4-Iodo-1,2-dimethoxybenzene (cas: 5460-32-2) belongs to iodide derivatives. In general, organic iodides are light-sensitive and turn yellow during storage, owing to the formation of iodine. Alkyl iodides react at a faster rate than alkyl fluorides due to the weak C-I bond.Application In Synthesis of 4-Iodo-1,2-dimethoxybenzene

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Double Ligands Enabled Ruthenium Catalyzed ortho-C-H Arylation of Dialkyl Biarylphosphines: Straight and Economic Synthesis of Highly Steric and Electron-Rich Aryl-Substituted Buchwald-Type Phosphines was written by Wang, Liang-Neng;Tang, Pan-Ting;Li, Ming;Li, Jia-Wei;Liu, Yue-Jin;Zeng, Ming-Hua. And the article was included in Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis in 2021.Reference of 5460-32-2 This article mentions the following:

A double-ligands enabled Ru catalyzed C(sp²)-H arylation of dialkyl phosphines is described, which provides a straight access to aryl-substituted dialkyl phosphine ligands. The combination of 1,3-diketone and amino acid ligands is essential for this transformation. An important six-membered cycloruthenium intermediate was successfully isolated and characterized by x-ray diffraction. Mechanistic studies showed that the 1,3-diketone promoted the process of oxidative addition of cycloruthenium intermediate. Some of modified CyJohnPhos ligands exhibited highly catalytic activity in Pd catalyzed C-N bond formation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Iodo-1,2-dimethoxybenzene (cas: 5460-32-2Reference of 5460-32-2).

4-Iodo-1,2-dimethoxybenzene (cas: 5460-32-2) belongs to iodide derivatives. Organic iodides are widely used in organic synthesis. Halogenation of aromatic hydrocarbons is a very important reaction via an electrophilic aromatic substitution. A typical method for synthesis of aromatic iodides is diazotization of primary aromatic amines followed by treatment of potassium iodide. Aliphatic alcohols are converted to alkyl iodides by treating with hydrogen iodide.Reference of 5460-32-2

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Synthesis of 2-[¹²³I and ¹²⁴I]-iodoisonicotinic acid hydrazide-potential radiotracers for tuberculosis was written by Somawardhana, C. W.;Sajjad, M.;Amartey, J. K.;Lambrecht, R. M.. And the article was included in Applied Radiation and Isotopes in 1991.Safety of 2-Iodopyridine-4-carboxylic acid This article mentions the following:

The radiochem. syntheses of Me 2-[¹²³I]-iodoisonicotinate, 2-[¹²³I]-iodoisonicotinic acid hydrazide (I) and 2-[¹²⁴I]-iodoisonicotinic acid hydrazide was accomplished. Iodine-123 was incorporated in the Me ester mol. by an exchange reaction in glacial acetic acid. The average efficiency of iodine exchange reaction was (92.6%). This radiotracer was extracted with ether and the solvent was evaporated The residue was re-dissolved in anhydrous ethanol and treated with hydrazine under anhydrous conditions to obtain I. The overall radiochem. yield was 69%. Biodistribution data of both radio-tracers in male Sprague-Dawley rats were collected. This is the first report of SPECT radiopharmaceuticals which may be useful for differential diagnosis of intracranial masses (tuberculoma vs. glioma), and CNS tuberculosis in immunosuppressed subjects. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Iodopyridine-4-carboxylic acid (cas: 58481-10-0Safety of 2-Iodopyridine-4-carboxylic acid).

2-Iodopyridine-4-carboxylic acid (cas: 58481-10-0) belongs to iodide derivatives. Organic iodides can be alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl, and all of them are very reactive toward with many kinds of nucleophiles. Organoiodine lubricants can be used with titanium, stainless steels, and other metals which tend to seize up with conventional lubricants: organoiodine lubricants can be used in turbines and spacecraft, and as a cutting oil in machining.Safety of 2-Iodopyridine-4-carboxylic acid

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

One Pot Synthesis of γ-Benzopyranones via Iron-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidation and Subsequent 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Catalyzed 6-endo Cyclization was written by Zhai, Di;Chen, Lingzhu;Jia, Minqiang;Ma, Shengming. And the article was included in Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis in 2018.Electric Literature of C8H9IO2 This article mentions the following:

One-pot synthesis of γ-benzopyranones was realized in decent yields and excellent regioselectivities via iron-catalyzed aerobic oxidation and 4-dimethylaminopyridine-catalyzed cyclization of related propargylic alcs. Derivatization to aromatic substituted γ-benzopyranones and synthesis of naturally occurring 3′,4′-dimethoxyflavone have also been realized. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Iodo-1,2-dimethoxybenzene (cas: 5460-32-2Electric Literature of C8H9IO2).

4-Iodo-1,2-dimethoxybenzene (cas: 5460-32-2) belongs to iodide derivatives. Organic iodides can be alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl, and all of them are very reactive toward with many kinds of nucleophiles. A typical method for synthesis of aromatic iodides is diazotization of primary aromatic amines followed by treatment of potassium iodide. Aliphatic alcohols are converted to alkyl iodides by treating with hydrogen iodide.Electric Literature of C8H9IO2

Referemce:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com