Tag: M.W=100-200

In general, if the atoms that make up the ring contain heteroatoms, such rings become heterocycles, and organic compounds containing heterocycles are called heterocyclic compounds. An article called Optical isomers of chloropropanols: Mechanisms of their formation and decomposition in foods, published in 2002, which mentions a compound: 60827-45-4, Name is (2S)-(+)-3-Chloropropane-1,2-diol, Molecular C3H7ClO2, Recommanded Product: 60827-45-4.

Protein hydrolyzates produced by hydrochloric acid hydrolysis were analyzed for 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol and its enantiomers. It was found that (R)-3-chloropropane-1,2-diol and (S)-3-chloropropane-1,2-diol were present in the hydrolyzates in equimolar concentrations Model system experiments with glycerol, triolein and soy lecithin heated with hydrochloric acid in solution showed that these materials were precursors of 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol and yielded racemic mixtures of its enantiomers. Yields of 3-chloropropane-1,2-diols decreased in the order triolein > lecithin > glycerol. Mechanisms of 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol enantiomer formation during the production of protein hydrolyzates are presented and discussed as well as reaction pathways of their decomposition in alk. media via the corresponding (R)- and (S)-hydroxymethyloxiranes. In alk. media both 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol enantiomers decomposed at the same rate.

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Reference:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Most of the compounds have physiologically active properties, and their biological properties are often attributed to the heteroatoms contained in their molecules, and most of these heteroatoms also appear in cyclic structures. A Journal, Article, Dalton Transactions called Why are the {Cu4N4} rings in copper(I) phosphinimide clusters [Cu{μ-N:PR3}]4 (R = NMe3 or Ph) planar?, Author is Robinson, Thomas P.; Price, Richard D.; Davidson, Matthew G.; Fox, Mark A.; Johnson, Andrew L., which mentions a compound: 75732-01-3, SMILESS is [Cu]C1=C(C)C=C(C)C=C1C, Molecular C9H11Cu, Safety of Mesitylcopper(I).

The Cu phosphinimide complexes [Cu{μ-N:PR3}]4 (1, R = NMe2 and 2, R = Ph) were obtained in good yields from the reactions of Cu[Mes] (Mes = mesityl, C6H2Me3-2,4,6) with the corresponding iminophosphoranes, HNPR3. The mol. structures of 1 and 2 reveal planar eight-membered {Cu4N4} rings which contrasts with the saddle-shaped {M4N4} rings found in related metal phosphinimide complexes. According to computations, there is negligible aromaticity in the planar {Cu4N4} rings in 1 and 2 and the saddle shape observed in related {M4N4} rings is due to steric factors.

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Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Lopes, Cesar; Hakansson, Mikael; Jagner, Susan published the article 《Products of the reaction between copper(I) phenoxide and triphenylphosphine》. Keywords: crystal structure copper phenoxide phosphine complex; structure copper phenoxide phosphine dinuclear tetranuclear; copper phenolate phosphine complex preparation structure; phenoxide copper phosphine complex preparation structure.They researched the compound: Mesitylcopper(I)( cas:75732-01-3 ).Reference of Mesitylcopper(I). Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocyclic and fused heterocyclic. In addition, there is a lot of other information about this compound (cas:75732-01-3) here.

Two phenolatocopper(I) derivatives, [Cu4(PPh3)4(OPh)4] (1) and [Cu2(PPh3)3(OPh)2] (2), were prepared by the addition of triphenylphosphine to copper(I) phenoxide, obtained from mesitylcopper(I) and phenol. Characterization by crystal structure determination showed 1 to be a tetramer with a cubane-type Cu4O4 core in which Cu-O distances range from 2.05(2)-2.26(2) Å. 2 Is a μ2-phenoxide dimer in which one copper(I) center is four-coordinated by two phenoxide and two triphenylphosphine ligands, while the other is coordinated by a single triphenylphosphine ligand and thus three-coordinated. Complex 1 crystallizes as the solvate [Cu4(PPh3)4(OPh)4]·(PhMe)2 in the monoclinic space group P21/c with a 14.822(7), b 23.160(4), c 28.193(6) Å, β 98.64(2)° at -90° and Z = 4; full-matrix least-squares refinement yielded R = 0.082 for 529 parameters and 3931 observed reflections. [Cu2(PPh3)3(OPh)2] (2) crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1̅ with a 13.948(4), b 16.846(2), c 12.480(3) Å, α 94.92(2), β 110.45(2), γ 95.96(2)° at -120° and Z = 2; full-matrix least-squares refinement yielded R = 0.063 for 328 parameters and 2507 observed reflections. The effect of increasing the PPh3:CuOPh ratio on the stability of the phenoxide is discussed in terms of the coordination geometry and consequent accessibility of the metal to small mols.

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Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic.Jones, A. R.; Porter, L. M. researched the compound: (2S)-(+)-3-Chloropropane-1,2-diol( cas:60827-45-4 ).Quality Control of (2S)-(+)-3-Chloropropane-1,2-diol.They published the article 《Inhibition of glycolysis in boar spermatozoa by α-chlorohydrin phosphate appears to be mediated by phosphatase activity》 about this compound( cas:60827-45-4 ) in Reproduction, Fertility and Development. Keywords: pig sperm glycolysis chlorohydrin phosphate phosphatase. We’ll tell you more about this compound (cas:60827-45-4).

(R,S)-α-chlorohydrin-1-phosphate, previously shown to have no anti-glycolytic activity on mature boar sperm in vitro, is a substrate for acid and/or neutral phosphatase(s) that are associated with washed sperm. The high phosphatase activity hydrolyses the ester to α-chlorohydrin which undergoes oxidation to (S)-3-chlorolactaldehyde, a specific inhibitor of sperm glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and triosephosphate isomerase, thereby exhibiting an anti-glycolytic action.

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Reference:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Name: Mesitylcopper(I). The fused heterocycle is formed by combining a benzene ring with a single heterocycle, or two or more single heterocycles. Compound: Mesitylcopper(I), is researched, Molecular C9H11Cu, CAS is 75732-01-3, about Dimeric Copper and Lithium Thiolates: Comparison of Copper Thiolates with Their Lithium Congeners. Author is Zou, Wenxing; Zhu, Qihao; Fettinger, James C.; Power, Philip P..

The direct reactions of the large terphenyl thiols HSAriPr4 (AriPr4 = -C6H3-2,6-(C6H3-2,6-iPr2)2) and HSAriPr6 (AriPr6 = -C6H3-2,6-(C6H2-2,4,6-iPr3)2) with stoichiometric amounts of mesitylcopper(I) in THF at ca. 80°C afforded the first well-characterized dimeric copper thiolato species {CuSAriPr4}2 (1) and {CuSAriPr6}2 (2) with elimination of mesitylene. The complexes 1 and 2 were characterized by NMR and electronic spectroscopy as well as by X-ray crystallog. They have dimeric Cu2S2 core structures in which the two copper atoms are bridged by the sulfurs from the thiolato ligands and feature short Cu…Cu distances near 2.4 Å as well as a weak copper-flanking aryl ring interaction from a terphenyl substituent. The structures of the planar Cu2S2 cores bear a resemblance to the Cu-A site in nitrous oxide reductase in which two cysteines also bridge two copper atoms. The related dimeric Li2S2 structural motif was also observed in the lithium congeners {LiSAriPr4}2 (3) and {LiSAriPr6}2 (4) which were synthesized directly from the thiols and n-BuLi in hexanes. However, despite the very similar effective ionic radii of the Li+ (0.59 Å) and Cu+ (0.60 Å) ions, the Li…Li structures display very much longer (by more than ca. 0.5 Å) separations than the corresponding Cu…Cu distances in 1 and 2, which may be due to weaker dispersion interactions.

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Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

The preparation of ester heterocycles mostly uses heteroatoms as nucleophilic sites, which are achieved by intramolecular substitution or addition reactions. Compound: (2S)-(+)-3-Chloropropane-1,2-diol( cas:60827-45-4 ) is researched.Formula: C3H7ClO2.Becker, Heinrich; Sharpless, K. Barry published the article 《A new ligand class for the asymmetric dihydroxylation of olefins》 about this compound( cas:60827-45-4 ) in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in English. Keywords: asym dihydroxylation olefin anthraquinone ligand; dihydroquinidinylanthraquinone preparation ligand asym dihydroxlation. Let’s learn more about this compound (cas:60827-45-4).

1,4-Bis(dihydroquinidinyl)- and 1,4-bis(dihydroquininyl)anthraquinone are new ligands which show superior enantioselectivity in the asym. dihydroxylation of almost all olefins having only aliphatic substituents.

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Reference:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Safety of Mesitylcopper(I). The reaction of aromatic heterocyclic molecules with protons is called protonation. Aromatic heterocycles are more basic than benzene due to the participation of heteroatoms. Compound: Mesitylcopper(I), is researched, Molecular C9H11Cu, CAS is 75732-01-3, about Facile assembly of a Cu9 amido complex: a new tripodal ligand design that promotes transition metal cluster formation. Author is Keen, Alana L.; Doster, Meghan; Han, Hua; Johnson, Samuel A..

A tripodal amido ligand, [P(CH2NArCF3)3]H3 (ArCF3 = C6H3-3,5-(CF3)2), with a central non-chelating phosphorus donor allows for the facile assembly of a pentane soluble organometallic copper cluster, [P(CH2NArCF3)3]2Cu9(μ-2,4,6-Me3C6H2)3, with a central copper atom surrounded by a nonplanar chain of eight copper atoms and two terminal amido-copper bonds.

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Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

Most of the natural products isolated at present are heterocyclic compounds, so heterocyclic compounds occupy an important position in the research of organic chemistry. A compound: 75732-01-3, is researched, SMILESS is [Cu]C1=C(C)C=C(C)C=C1C, Molecular C9H11CuJournal, Inorganic Chemistry called Copper(I) arenethiolates with intramolecular coordination and the formation of mixed organo(arenethiolato)copper(I) aggregates. X-ray structures of trimeric [Cu(SC6H4NMe2-2)]3, nonameric [Cu(S-1-C10H6NMe2-8)]9, and hexanuclear [Cu3(S-1-C10H6NMe2-8)2(CCtBu)]2, Author is Janssen, Maurits D.; Donkervoort, Johannes G.; van Berlekom, Sofia B.; Spek, Anthony L.; Grove, David M.; van Koten, Gerard, the main research direction is crystal structure copper 1 arenethiolate; copper 1 arenethiolate preparation structure; alkynyl cuprous arenethiolate preparation structure; mesityl cuprous arenethiolate preparation; thiolate cuprous oligonuclear complex preparation structure.Recommanded Product: 75732-01-3.

Two new Cu(I) arenethiolates with ortho chelating N donor atoms [Cu(SC6H4NMe2-2)]3 (5) and [Cu(S-1-C10H6NMe2-8)]9 (6) were synthesized by reacting Me3SiSAr (Ar = C6H4NMe2-2 or 1-C10H6NMe2-8) with Cu(I) chloride in a 1:1 molar ratio. Cu(I) arenethiolate 5 is a white to pale yellow solid and is trimeric in the solid state as well as in solution Crystals of [Cu(SC6H4NMe2-2)]3 (5), C24H30Cu3N3S3, are trigonal, space group R3, with a = b 18.2325(7), c 6.8410(4) Å, Z = 3, and final R = 0.028 for 1010 reflections with I ≥ 2.5σ(I) and 107 variables. Cu(I) arenethiolate 6 forms dark red crystals and is nonameric in the solid state as well as in solution Crystals of {[Cu(S-1-C10H6NMe2-8)]9}2{C6H6}10.5 (6), C279H279Cu18N18S18, are triclinic, space group P1̅, with a 16.081(2), b 26.650(4), c 32.747(6) Å, α 67.320(13), β 76.180(12), γ 81.226(12)°, Z = 2, and final R = 0.118 for 28749 reflections and 1501 variables. Reaction of nonameric 6 with (3,3-dimethylbutynyl)copper gave the 2:1 mixed dimeric hexanuclear organo(arenethiolato)copper aggregate [Cu3(S-1-C10H6NMe2-8)2(CCtBu)]2 (9), C60H66Cu6N4S4, which was isolated as an air-stable orange solid which is insoluble in most common organic solvents. Crystals of 9 are monoclinic, space group P21/c, with a 11.9839(5), b 12.9391(8), c 18.9482(7) Å, β 108.326(3)°, Z = 2, and final R = 0.0314 for 5110 reflections with I ≥ 2.5σ(I) and 358 variables. Reaction of 6 with mesitylcopper, [Cu5(C6H2Me3-2,4,6)5], gave the 1:1 mixed organo(arenethiolato)copper aggregate [Cu2(S-1-C10H6NMe2-8)(C6H2Me3-2,4,6)]n (10), which is a yellowish-brown, slightly air-sensitive solid that is soluble in polar and aromatic hydrocarbons. The new mixed aggregates 9 and 10 are thermodynamically and kinetically very stable, and the overall structure of mixed organo(arenethiolato)copper aggregates such as 9 is insensitive to structural changes in the arenethiolate ligand.

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Reference:
Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic.Blanco, Daniela E.; Dookhith, Aaliyah Z.; Modestino, Miguel A. researched the compound: 2-Methylglutaronitrile( cas:4553-62-2 ).HPLC of Formula: 4553-62-2.They published the article 《Enhancing selectivity and efficiency in the electrochemical synthesis of adiponitrile》 about this compound( cas:4553-62-2 ) in Reaction Chemistry & Engineering. Keywords: adiponitrile electrosynthesis electrochem hydrodimerization selectivity energy conversion efficiency. We’ll tell you more about this compound (cas:4553-62-2).

Adiponitrile is a large scale chem. intermediate used in the production of Nylon 6,6. It is primarily produced via two methods: the thermal hydrocyanation of butadiene and the electrochem. hydrodimerization of acrylonitrile. The thermochem. method is an energy intensive process that involves acutely toxic reactants such as hydrogen cyanide. On the other hand, the electrosynthesis of adiponitrile is a green chem. process that uses water-based electrolytes and can be directly coupled with renewable electricity sources such as wind or sunlight. Although this process is the largest organic electrochem. process in industry, it still faces many challenges owing to its low energy conversion efficiency and selectivity. Using a systematic approach, this study provides insights into mass transport and kinetic factors that influence the reaction performance, and demonstrates that by careful control of the composition of the electrolyte, concentration of reactants, operating current densities, and temperature, selectivities as high as 83% can be achieved. Our results provide electrochem. engineering guidelines to significantly improve the efficiency of the electrochem. production of adiponitrile and open up opportunities to the direct implementation of renewable-energy sources in chem. manufacturing

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Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com

In general, if the atoms that make up the ring contain heteroatoms, such rings become heterocycles, and organic compounds containing heterocycles are called heterocyclic compounds. An article called Lewis Base Adducts of Barium/Copper tert-Butoxides: Synthesis and Thermolysis of [BaCu2(OtBu)4]n and [L2Ba2Cu4(OtBu)8] (L = Me3NO and Et3PO). X-ray Crystal Structure of [(Me3NO)2Ba2Cu4(OtBu)8], published in 1997-04-30, which mentions a compound: 75732-01-3, Name is Mesitylcopper(I), Molecular C9H11Cu, Name: Mesitylcopper(I).

Reaction of copper(I) mesityl with [Ba(OtBu)2(t-BuOH)2]4 yields insoluble [BaCu2(OtBu)4]n, which dissolves by adduct formation (L = Me3NO or Et3PO) to form soluble L2Ba2Cu4(OtBu)8. For L = Me3NO, this mol. is shown by x-ray diffraction to have a structure based on a trans-Ba2Cu4 octahedron, with all Ba/Cu edges bridged by μ2-OtBu units; one L binds to each Ba (monoclinic, space group P21/c, R = 0.0822). Bulk thermolysis, TGA, and product anal. revealed that OtBu units undergo not only O/C cleavage but also C/C cleavage, the latter to form carbonate and nonvolatile hydrocarbon products, in addition to BaO and CuO. The intended oxidant Me3NO shows no great tendency to oxidize Cu(I).

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Iodide – Wikipedia,
Iodide – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics – ScienceDirect.com